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HOME CALENDAR NETWORK FUNDING CONTACT RESOURCE TOURS SACRED GEOMETRY ANTHROPOCOSM EARTH GRID VORTEX SITES SILK ROAD GEOMANCY HARMONICS ANTI-GRAVITY

[under construction]

see also: QIGONG VORTEX SITE TOURS

VORTEX SITES:

When one seeks healing, one also receives messages from spiritual guides.

PRIMARY ENERGY CENTERS: EARTH CHAKRAS

(see also Becker and Hagen's Planetary Grid System)

Mountain Chakras (Energy centers): (eg.vile vortices)

Root: Ararat

Navel: Neblina

Solar Plexus: Kilamanjaro

Heart: Haleakala

Throat: Shasta

Brow: Everest

Crown: Fuji

Other Interpretations of Chakra Sites:

The planetary chakra system alternates/changes according to a predetermined/particular timing (eg.celestial influence; Earth spin); (sim.vile vortices).

Central Hermetic Site: (primary electro-magnetic geo-cosmic connection)

Etheric Heart Center [sim.Tantric: Anahata Chakra] (internal and external operates in tandem):

· Internal: Avebury Circle, Wiltshire, England (according to Richard C. Hoagland: site design geometry parallels megalithic site geometry at Cydonia, Mars)

· External: Glastonbury Tor; current Mobile Focus (see geomancy)

Avebury Round Table of the Sun:

Avebury is considered a condensed planetary Round Table of the Sun, which is a model for understanding the independent/differentiated activities of the 12 tones (solar royal court) in one sound (ie.solar logos; sun king; individual component of galactic logos). The planetary Round Table is the central receptor complex for cosmic (solar system) energy, contributing to Gaia's star evolution paradigm (on the threshold of transcendence, attaining 4th dimensional awareness of anti-gravity). According to Sumerian cosmology/astrology, the solar system comprises of 12 planetary/celestial (revolving, rotating, interrelating) bodies, or cosmic notes, influencing 12 zodiac houses; establishing a triangular influence (stars-planets-geo points) upon life via Dragon (Knight) Lines (12) [sim.Babylonian: "dragon" (sir); British: title for knight (sir)] and the Avebury Round Table of the Sun.

In summary, Avebury is calibrated by 12 tones, which are induced by solar (Earth's ecliptic through the 12 zodiac houses; 12 months) and galactic (Sun's ecliptic through zodiac; zodiac age = 2160 years; precession of equinoxes) ecliptics.

Cradle of Civilization:

Ante-Diluvial Landing Corridor:

In the land [Sumerian: “home of the righteous ones” (Edin); Akkadian: “plain” (edinu); Biblical: Eden] between the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates) [Biblical: “abundant” (Pishon) and “which gushes forth” (Gihon)], the landing corridor was laid out like an arrow (45° NW), entering from the headwaters of the Persian Gulf (most abundant source of petroleum; Sumerians had names for the 9 bituminous substances: petroleum, crude oils, native asphalts, rock asphalts, tars, pyrogenic asphalts, mastics, waxes, pitches), and pointing to the twin peaks of Mount Ararat, the Near East’s most conspicuous landmarks. Five cities with specific function were established in five perfect places. The cities on the centerline of the flight corridor are separated at intervals of 6 beru (60km/37 mi.).

Earth Stations (Reflective with Seven Stations of Heaven on Nibiru’s Path):

1) Eridu (Home in Faraway Built): first gold extracting facility at the edge of the Persian Gulf; abode of Ea; third ring from center [1r.Ea/Enki] (An Nasiriyah)

2) Bad-Tibira (Bright Place Where the Ores are Made Final): metallurgical smelting and refining center; second ring from center on flight path [1r.Nannar]

3) Laraak (Seeing the Bright Glow): beacon city to guide landing shuttlecraft; first ring from center on flight path, triangulating with the other paired beacon cities [1r.Ninurta]

4) Sippar (Bird City): landing place; space port; second ring from center on flight path [1r.Utu]

5) Shuruppak (Place of the Utmost Well-Being): medical center; first ring from center on flight path [1r.Ninhursag]

6) Laarsa (Seeing the Red Light): beacon city; second ring from center [1r.Ea/Enlil]

7) Nibiruki (Earth Place of Nibiru): mission control center (duranki); center [1r.Enlil]

8) Lagash: beacon city paired with Laarsa; second ring from center [1r.Ninurta]

First established was Home in Faraway Built (Eridu), which functioned as the first gold extracting facility at the edge of the Persian Gulf, and abode of Enki. The spaceport was built at Bird City (Sippar), which was aligned on center with the flight corridor. Bright Place Where the Ores are Made Final (Bad-Tibira), the smelting and refining center, and Place of the Utmost Well-Being (Shuruppak), the medical center, was laid out on center, from the landing corridor’s entrance. Earth Place of Nibiru (Nibruki) [Akkadian: Crossing Place on Earth (Nippur)], served as the mission control center, located in the exact center of the landing corridor. At Nibiruki was a raised platform, Place of Earth’s Root (Kiur), with antennas, ascending to a secret communication chamber (from Earth to the Igigi), the holy of holies, the Dark, Glowing Chamber (Dirga) [sim.Hebrew: Ark of the Covenant], where vital star charts and orbital data panels, the Tablets of Destinies, were installed, and the Bond of Heaven and Earth (Duranki), a true axis mundi, was maintained. The structure became the prototype for all ziggurats and pyramids (eg.Tower of Babel) to come.

POST-DILUVIAL FLIGHT CORRIDOR: Triangulations of the Divine Grid (see fig.)

The post-Diluvial flight corridor adopted the same principles of triangulation as the antediluvial flight corridor. The masterful yet simple Divine Grid precisely arrayed by the Anunnaki, artfully combined basic geometry with natural landmarks. Mount Ararat is the northern landmark that anchors the flight corridor on center with mission control (Jerusalem) and the spaceport in Tilmun (Sinai). The southern line of the landing corridor connects the twin peaks of Ararat with the twin peaks of St. Katherine (Harsag) and Umm Shumar (Mount Moses), while the upper line of the landing corridor connects through landing platform at Baalbek and the pyramids (artificial twin peaks) of Giza and Heliopolis. Due the flat terrain of Egypt, artificial twin peaks were constructed where the northern line of the flight corridor crossed the 30^th parallel (30° N Lat), which delineated a sacred division of air space. The Three Ways delineated the airspace (each spanning 60° Lat) between Enlil in the north (northpole to 30° N Lat), An in the middle over the equator (30° N Lat to 30° S Lat), and Ea in the south (southpole to 30° S Lat). The outer and inner perimeter circles about Mission Control (Jerusalem) designated the equidistant pairs of radial sites which utilized oracle stone installations for communication.

Diluvial Pivot for Focal Point of Central Flight Corridor:

1) Mount Ararat: focal point of central flight corridor

· Highest Mount in Near East

· Post-diluvial landing place

Outer Circle:

2) Giza/Heliopolis (An): Geodesic Beacon

· Outlines flight corridor

· Giza Pyramid, two companion pyramids, and sphinx situated on Baalbek-Ararat line

· Equidistant with Mount St. Katherine to Baalbek and Jerusalem

3) Mount St. Katherine/Mount Umm Shumar: Geodesic Beacon

· Outlines flight corridor

· Highest peaks of Sinai

· Distinctive twin peaks

· Equidistant with Giza Pyramid to Baalbek and Jerusalem

Inner Circle:

4) Baalbek (Cedar Mountain): Landing Place

· Antediluvial platform of immense size

· Equidistant with Mount Sinai to Jerusalem

5) Mount Sinai: Spaceport (see ‘Tilmun’ above)

· Situated in the intersection of central flight path and 30^th parallel (gaze of the sphinx)

· Equidistant from Heliopolis and Umm Shumar

· Equidistant with Baalbek to Jerusalem

Center:

6) Jerusalem (Mount Zion): Mission Control

· Crossing point where the Baalbek-Mount St. Katherine line intersects with the flight path’s center line leading to the focal point of Mount Ararat

· The angle drawn from Jerusalem to Heliopolis and Mount Umm Shumar is exactly 45º

The Bible has glorified the divine connections between Jerusalem (Mount Zion), Baalbek (Crest of Zaphon), and Giza (Memphis). According to the Book of Jubilees, there were four Places of the Lord on Earth, which were created as holy places facing each other. Three of them were in the lands of Shem.

1) Garden of Eternity in the Cedar Mountain (Baalbek): the most sacred; dwelling of the Lord

2) Mountain of the East (Mount Ararat): not in the lands of Shem

3) Mount Sinai (Tilmun): center of the Sacred Desert

4) Mount Zion (Jerusalem): center of the Navel of the Earth

The ancient oracle sites of the Cedar Mountain, Mount Sinai, and Mount Zion, are situated at equal angles (11.5º) from the oracle site at Delphi, Greece. Furthermore, the oracle sites of Jerusalem and Siwa to Delphi correlate angularly (45º) with the oracle site arrangement of Mount St. Katherine and Heliopolis to Jerusalem, respectively.

GAZE OF THE SPHINX (30^th N parallel): Silk Road

Heliopolis (Giza)

Eridu

Persopolis

Harappa

Lhasa

SACRED SITES OF PREHISTORIC ANTIQUITY:

[Archeological and/or ancient religious/spiritual/sacred sites listed by continent, country, and then state/province, alphabetically. The data-list compilations were dependent on the information available/discovered.]

The following list catalogs archeological and/or ancient religious/spiritual/sacred sites, as possible candidates for electro-magnetic technologies via earth grid site position and celestial orientation (vortex site), listed by continent, country, and then state/province/city, alphabetically; nearby rivers, sacred mountain peaks, modern city/town/village location, and associated buildings are also incorporated. The data-list compilations were dependent on the information available/discovered.

Sacred site candidate-types include:

· Megalithic sites (eg.ante-diluvian ziggurats/pyramids, temples, stone circles, standing stones, dolmens, cairns, brochs, rune/picture stones, stone ships, talayots, kurgans, nuraghe, underwater megaliths, etc.)

· Painted caves (European Neanderthal/Australian aboriginal)

· Sumerian ziggurats (cradle of civilization)

· Pyramids, mounds and cliff dwellings (eg.kiva)(Africa, Asia, Europe, Americas)

· Phoenician-Greco-Roman stone pantheonic temples (Mediterannean, Europe)

· Hindu-Buddhist temples (eg.mandirs, wats, candis, stupas, grottoes, caves) (Asia)

· Muslim mosques (early Islamic world: Asia, Africa, Europe)

· Judeo-Christian synagogues, churches, cathedrals, monasteries (Holy Land and Europe)

· Fortifications (Celtic-Roman castrum)/medieval castles (Asia, Europe)

· crop circles

This Vortex Site work in progress, an overwhelming task, intends to compile a data-list of archeological sacred sites of prehistoric antiquity, and superimpose their collective locations over various earth grid networks (which may vary in scope), in order to study their functional, geometrical, and harmonic relationships.

AFRICA:

ALGERIA:

· Carthage (Tunis)

· El Wad/Oued [Arabic: “the river”] (250-45k BP: Neanderthal; oasis town watered by underground river; Guemar)

· Great Mosque of Algiers (1097 CE: Almoravid Islamic; Casbah, Bab el Oued, Algiers)

· Great Mosque of Tlemcen (1082 CE: Almoravid Islamic; Tlemcen)

· Ketchaoua Mosque (1612 CE: Moorish-Byzantine Islamic; Algiers)

· Serquenout (Ideles; Mt.Telerhteba)

BOTSWANA:

· Tsodilo (70000 BCE: first known human ritual; 4500 rock paintings; rock carvings; Kalahari desert; Shakawe)

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC:

[NOTE 54: Andis Kaulins’s speculations of standing stones as megalithic geodetic astronomical tools (“star stones”; megalithic star-stone alignments by region and site, and stone markings/carvings matching those pertaining alignments) in conjunction with his linguistic (esp.Gaelic, Latvian, Pharaonic) hypotheses are compiled for study; see http://www.megaliths.net; North Ecliptic Pole at Paris, North Celestial Pole near Orleans at 3117 BCE]

· Bouar [MA](3140 BCE: Neolithic: megaliths, cairns, settlements; star stones- Cepheus, Draco)

CHAD:

· Agoza [MA](Neolithic; Lake Chad)

EGYPT: [MA: pyramids]

· Abu Haggag Mosque (Islamic; built on 14^th c.BCE Egyptian temple; Luxor)

· Abu Simbel [MA](1224 BCE; Egyptian; Kushite; ruins)

· Abydos (Predynastic; cult center of Khentiamentiu, Osiris and Isis; Asyut-Luxor)

· Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque (884 CE: Abbasid Islamic; Cairo)

· Aksha

· Al-Azhar Mosque (969 CE: Islamic; Cairo)

· Al-Hakim Mosque (928-92 CE: Islamic; Cairo)

· Al-Hussein Mosque (1154 CE: Islamic; Cairo)

· Alexandria acropolis

· Amarna/Akhetaten (1346 BCE: city of Akhetaten; El Minya)

· Amr ibn al-As Mosque (642 CE: Islamic; oldest mosque in Africa; Fustat)

· Aqsunqur/Blue Mosque (1347 CE: Mamluk Islamic; Cairo)

· Armant/Hermonthis (Middle k.: Hatsheput; mortuary temples; Thebes)

· Beni Hassan (21^st-17^th c.BCE: Old-Middle k.; ancient Egyptian-Hatsheput cemetery; 39 tombs: tombs of Jhety and Baket/Artemis; Asyut-Memphis)

· Bubastis/Tell Basta/Per-Bast/Phibeseth [Bibl.: House of Bastet”] (943 BCE: Shoshenq I; Cairo)

· Buto/Per Wadjet (Paleolithic; 3100 BCE: 305 BCE: Ptolemaic; Alexandria)

· Dashur (Old Kingdom: royal necropolis: Snorfu’s Bent Pyramid, Red Pyramid; Cairo)

· Deir el-Madinah (1600 BCE: Thebes)

· Deir el-Bahri (2100 BCE: Old-Middle k.: Hatsheput; mortuary temples; Luxor)

· Dendera (2613 BCE: temple foundations; complex: Temple of Hathor; Roman-Ptolemaic: birth houses; Coptic church of Isis; Qina)

· Edfu/Behdet (Ramses II; 237 BCE; Lato)

· El Ashmunein/Hermopolis/Khmun [Egyptian: “eight town;” Ogdoad “8 deities”](Old-Middle k.: Hatsheput; Al Minya)

· El Dakka (Hyksos-Hatsheput; 3^rd c.BCE: Meroitic-Kushite: temple to Thoth; near Kuban)

· El-Mursi Abul-Abbas Mosque (1775 CE: Islamic; Alexandria)

· El-Tabia Mosque (Islamic; Aswan)

· Elephantine/Abu/Yebu (1650 BCE: Hyksos-Hatsheput: temple/abode to Khnum; Ptolemaic; Greco-Roman; Tropic of Cancer)

· El Kab/Nekhab/Nekhen/Hierakonpolis (10000 BCE: Paleolithic; 5500 BCE: Neolithic; 3100 BCE: Early Dyn.temples; 1550 BCE: Hyksos-Hatsheput: rock cut temples, necropolis; 332 BCE: Ptolemaic settlement; Coptic monastery; Wadi Hillal; Luxor)

· Esna (1493 BCE: Thutmose II; Lato)

· Gerf Husein (rock-cut temple of Ptah: Ramses II; Lake Nasser)

· Faras (Hyksos-Hatsheput; Meroitic: temple; Nubian border; l.Nasser)

· Great Pyramid [MA] (2560 BCE?; 25000 BCE) and Khafre’s Pyramid (Giza)

· Heliopolis/An (3100 BCE)

· Henen-Nesut/Herakleopolis Magna [Egy.:”House of the Royal Child”](Old-Middle: cult center of Heryshaf-Herakles; Nubian; Coptic)

· Jabal Yu Alliq/Mount Gebal [MA](Neolithic Age; highest peak in N Sinai)

· Karnak [MA](2100 BCE; Hyksos-Hatsheput; Philae)

· Temple of Kom Ombo (Ptolemaic)

· Kom el Ahmar (Middle k.: Hatsheput; N Edfu)

· Kuban (Hyksos-Hatsheput; near El Dakka)

· Luxor Temple (1400 BCE: Thebes)

· Medinet Habu (Hyksos-Hatsheput; New k.: Ramses III; mortuary temple; Luxor)

· Colossi of Memnon [MA](1400 BCE: Thebes)

· Memphis (3100 BCE: f.Menes k.; 2600 BCE: Old Kingdom capital; Hatsheput; Nubian; Mit Rahina)

· Menkaure’s Pyramid [MA](Giza)

· Miam

· Nabta Playa [MA](3117 BCE: Neolithic: star stones- Taurus, Pleaides, Vernal Equinox; Aswan calendar stone circle; alignments: summer solstice calendar?; 6270 BCE-Sirius, Arcturus, Alpha Centauri <Wendorf and Malville; Brophy and Rosen>, 6400-4900 BCE-Orion <Brophy>; necropolis-human, cattle; SE Egyptian desert)

· Ninsu (El Faiyum)

· Oxyrhynchus (300 BCE: Greek; El Minya)

· Pi-Ramses/Avaris/Hit-waret [Egy.: “House of the Department”] (1783 BCE: Hyksos trading capital; Nile Delta)

· Pyramid of Amenemhet III [MA] (Hawara)

· Pyramid of Nyuserre Ini [MA](2400 BCE)

· Pompei’s Pillar [MA](293 CE: Alexandria)

· Qasr Ibrim/Primis (Hyksos-Hatsheput; 750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Byzantine; Wadi Halfa)

· Qis (Middle k.: Hyksos-Hatsheput; Al Minya)

· Quseir/Leucus Limen (3000 BCE; Ramses II; Al Qusair; Red Sea)

· Osireion [MA](1294 BCE: Abydos)

· Rameses obelisk [MA](Luxor)

· Rameses IV quarries [MA](Wadi Hammamat)

· Rameses IV tomb [MA](Thebes)

· Ramesseum [MA](1300 BCE: Thebes)

· Sahure’s pyramid [MA](Saqquara)

· Saint Katherine’s Monastery, Mount Sinai (1450 BCE: where Moses saw the burning bush and received the Ten Commandments; 381 CE: monastic life recorded by Egeria; 527-565 CE: monastery; 800 CE: monks discovered remains of St.Katherine; Achtiname document therein stating the monastery’s protection by Muhammad; Fatimid mosque built within walls of monastery; Mount Saint Katherine)

· Saint Mark’s Coptic Orthodox Cathedral (60 CE: founder: St.Mark the Evangelist martyred and buried under church in 68 CE; 311 CE: little chapel on grave of St.Mark; 321 CE: church enlarged; 641 CE: ruined by Arabs; 680 CE: rebuilt; 828 CE: body of St.Mark robbed by Italians, but head remained; 1219 CE: destroyed during crusades; 1547 CE: new church founded; 1819 CE: church rebuilt; 1950 CE: rebuilt; Coptic Orthodox; Alexandria)

· Sais/Zau (pre-Diluvial town: survived; 1100 BCE; 8th c.BCE: 24th d.: Nubian; Alexandria)

· Serabit el Khadim (ancient Egyptian-Hatsheput turqoise mine; Sinai pen.; Wadi Matula)

· Speos Artemidos/Grotto of Artemis (Middle k.: Hyksos-Hatsheput; S Beni Hassan; Al Minya)

· Mount Sinai/Horeb/Musa/Gabal Musa (post-diluvial flight corridor; St.Katherine City)

· Sultan Hassan Mosque (1356 CE: Mamluk Islamic; stones harvested from Giza necropolis; Cairo)

· Tanis/Djanet (1600 BCE; Nile Delta)

· Thebes (capital of New Kingdom-Hatshepshut: necropolis; Luxor)

· Tjeny (Nubian-Merotic; Coptic; Girga)

· Valley of the Kings (1600 BCE: Theban Necropolis)

ETHIOPIA:

· Addis Ababa, Sodda Megaliths [MA](3117 BCE: Neolithic; Addis Ababa)

· Axum [MA](400 BCE; Adwa mts.)

· Dire Dawa (45-28k BP: transitional-Neanderthal)

GAMBIA:

· Senegambian stone circles [MA](Neolithic; 8^th c.CE; stone circles; erected over earlier graves; star stones- Hydra, Virgo; N of Janjanbureh/Georgetown)

LIBYA:

· Haua Fteah (45-28k BP: transitional-Neanderthal)

· Qusayr [Arabic: “castle”] Ad Daffah [MA](Neolithic; marked ancient border between Egypt and Libya)

· Tobruk [MA](Neolithic; Greek colony: Antipyrgus; Roman: fortress; Al Butnan)

MALI:

· Djinguereber Mosque (1327 CE: Islamic; Timbuktu)

· Great Mosque of Djenne (13^th c.CE: Sudano-Sahelian Islamic; Djenne)

· Sidi Yahya Mosque (1440 CE: Islamic; Timbuktu)

· Timbuktu (10^th c.CE: Tuareg)

MAURETANIA:

· Chinguetti Mosque (13^th c.CE: Islamic; second oldest minaret still in use; Chinguetti)

MOROCCO:

· Ifri N’Ammar [MA](3117 BCE: Neolithic cave: rock drawings; star stones- Hydra, Ursa Major, Leo, Virgo, Serpens Caput, Lyra, Aquila; Nado, Rif; near Afso)

· Jebel Irhoud

· Lixus (7^th c.BCE: Phoenician; Larache)

· Koutoubia Mosque (1158 CE: Islamic; Marrakech)

· Mzora/Msoura [MA](3117 BCE: Neolithic: stone circle-167 monoliths surrounding 55m dia. tumulus; megalith star stones- Ophiuchus; 25km S Asilah)

· Mogador/Essaouira (5^th c.BCE: Phoenician; Carthaginian navigator Hanno)

· Sidi Abderrhaman (45-28k BP: transitional-Neanderthal)

· Tamuda (3^rd c.BCE: Mauretanians; Tetouan)

· Volubilis (Neolithic; 3^rd c.BCE: Carthaginian; Roman)

NIGER:

· Agadez Mosque (1515 CE: Islamic; Agadez)

SOUTH AFRICA: [Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site (CHWHS)]

· Blombos Cave (80000 BP: ochre engravings, bone tools, shell beads; 140000 BP: fishing; Mosselbay)

· Cango Caves (Oudtshoorn)

· Coopers Cave [CHWHS](1.8m BP; Gauteng)

· Duinefontein (400000 BP: stone tools, animal bones; Cape Town)

· Gladysvale Cave [CHWHS] (1.8m BP; Gauteng)

· Hoedjiespunt (Middle Pleistocene; Saldanha Bay)

· Klasies River Caves (Paleolithic; Mesolithic; Humansdorp)

· Kromdraai [CHWHS] (Gauteng)

· Makapansgat (2.6-3 m BP; Mokopane)

· Mapungubwe (1075 CE: pre-colonial state)

· Motsetsi [CHWHS] (Gauteng)

· Plovers Lake [CHWHS] (Gauteng)

· Saldanha Bay (250-28k BP: tropical-Neanderthal; Capetown)

· Sterkfontein [CHWHS] (Gauteng; Krugersdorp)

· Swartkrans [CHWHS] (Sterkfontein)

· Sibudu Cave (72000 BP; Tongaat)

· Taung

SUDAN:

· Buhen (1860 BCE: 12^th d.Senusret III; settlement; fortress; Hyksos-Hatsheput; Egyptian border)

· Jebel Barkal (1450 BCE: Thutmose III; Merowe)

· El Kadada Dolmen (4000 BCE; Shendi; Khartoum)

· El Kurru (750 BCE: royal Kushite tombs; Tangasi)

· Kawa (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; stelas; Dongola)

· Kerma (7500 BCE: Meso-Neolithic; 2500 BCE: Kushite ruins; 3^rd cataract of Nile)

· Meroe [MA](Neolithic; 800 BCE: Kushite pyramids; 5-6^th cataract of Nile; Khartoum)

· Musawwarat es-Sufra (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Shendi)

· Naga (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Shendi)

· Napata [SM] (1345 BCE: royal Kushite tombs; cult center ruins; Temple of Amun; Egyptian; Jebel Barkel; Karima)

· Nubian pyramids at Meroe (4000-300 BCE: Kushite Kingdoms: royal tombs)

· Nuri (750 BCE: royal kushite tombs)

· Sai (Hyksos-Hatsheput; Kushite; Nubian desert)

· Sanam (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Merowe)

· Seddenga (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Kosha)

· Semna/Amara West (1965 BCE: Senusret I; fortress; Hyksos-Hatsheput; Kushite; Nubian desert)

· Soleb (750 BCE: Egyptian ruins; Kosha)

· Tebu/Pnubs (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Kerma)

· Wad Ban Naqa (750 BCE: Kushite ruins; Pyramid of Amanishakheto; Shendi)

TUNISIA:

· Carthage (Sea Peoples?; 1^st m. BCE: Phoenician; Roman; Tunis)

· Kerkouane (4^th-3^rd c.BCE: Phoenician; Roman; Kelibia; Cape Bon)

· Mosque of Uqba (670 CE: Islamic; Kairouan)

· Utica (1100 BCE: Phoenician; Roman; Tunis)

ZAMBIA:

· Broken Hill (250-28k BP: tropical-Neanderthal)

ZIMBABWE:

· Great Zimbabwe [t.Shona: ”huge stone buildings”] (1200 CE; Masvingo/Ft.Victoria)

ASIA:

ABKHAZIA: (former USSR; approximately 3000 megalithic monuments are known in the western Caucasus w/more constantly being found)

· Gelendzhik [MA](4000-2000 BCE: Neolithic: 3 dolmens in a row on a hill above Zhane r.; near pyramidal dolmen in Mamed Canyon; Black Sea coast; Gelendzhik)

AFGANISTAN:

· Buddhas of Bamyan [SR](507/554 CE: Hazarajat; destroyed)

· Chakhil-i-Ghoundi Stupa (2^nd-3^rd c.CE: Greco-Buddhist/Hellenistic-Indian; Hadda; Jalalabad)

· Dargah Pir Rattan Nath (5^th c.CE: Hindu-Ganesh; Kabul)

· Hadda (2^nd-1^st c.BCE: Greco-Buddhist artifacts; Jalalabad)

ARMENIA: (p.USSR) (301 CE: world’s first Christian nation)

· Akhtala monastery (8th c.BCE: bronze, clay, iron items; 576 rectangular stone sepulchers; 5th c.: aka.Agarak; 10th c.CE: Bagratunis-Gurgen fortified Armenian Apostolic Church; St. Astvatsatseen/Holy Virgin church; Akhtala, Yerevan)

· Aramus (Kotayk, Armenia)

· Garni Temple (3^rd m.BCE: first settlements; 8^th c.BCE: Urartian; 3^rd c.BCE: summer residence for Armenian Orontid and Artaxiad royalty; 1^st c.CE: Roman temple- Tethys, Oceanus, Thetis; last refuge of k.Mithridates; Azat r.; Goght, Yerevan, Kotayk)

· Geghard [“spear” which had wounded Jesus during the Crucifixion]/ Ayrivank [“monastery of the cave”] monastery (f. Saint Gregory the Illuminator; 4^th c.CE: monastery complex; 9^th c.: d.by Arabs- burned manuscripts; earthquake dmg.; 12^th c.: relic- spearhead that wounded Christ on the cross allegedly brought by Apostle Thaddeus; relics of the Apostles Andrew and John; 1215: Armenian; Katoghike tympanum, Gavit, rock-cut church with spring, Jhamatun, tomb, Chapel of S.Grigor; Azat r.; Goght, Yerevan, Kotayk)

· Goshavank [“monastery of Gosh”] (older monastery- Nor Ghetik d.earthquke in 1188; 12-13^th c.CE: Armenian; complex- 3 churches: Saint Astvatsatsin, Saint Gregory, Saint Gregory the Illuminator, double chapel, single chapel, gavit, bell tower, book depository, school, gallery; Khachkars; Gosh)

· Haghartsin monastery (13^th c.CE: Armenian; complex- 3 churches: Saint Astvatsatsin, Saint Gregory, Saint Stepanos, refectory; Bagratuni sepulcher; Dilijan, Tavush)

· Haghpat monastery (10^th c.CE: Armenian; Alaverdi, Lori)

· Harich (2^nd c.BCE: fortress town)

· Harichavank/Harich monastery (7^th c.CE: Armenian; Harich, Shirak)

· Hovhannavank Karapet/Saint John the Baptist monastery (f.Saint Gregory the Enlightener; 4^th c.CE: Saint Karapet; single nave basilica; 1216-21 CE: Gandzasar-Armenian centerpiece; Kasagh r.; Ohanavan, Aragatsotn)

· Kecharis monastery (1003 CE: 1^st structure- Saint Grigor church; 11^th c.CE: Surb Nshan church; 13^th c.CE: Katoghike church; 1220: Surb Harutyun; Armenian; 2 chapels, gavit; Tsarkhadzor)

· Khor Virap monastery (642 CE: orig.church: Saint Gevorg Chapel; 17^th c.CE: Saint Astvatsatsin; where Saint Gregory the Illuminator was incarcerated for 13 yrs by the pagans; Mt. Ararat, Lusarat)

· Metsamor [MA](5000 BCE: Neolithic: stone circles; Metsamor; nuclear power plant)

· Noravank monastery (f.1205 CE: Armenian; complex- churches: S.Karapet, S.Grigor, S.Astvatsatsin; Vayots Dzor)

· Sanahin monastery (10^th c.CE: Armenian; Alaverdi, Lori)

· Sevanavank monastery (874 CE: Armenian; l.Sevan; Sevan, Gegharkunik)

· Tatev monastery (4^th c.CE: 1^st chapel; 8^th c.CE: Armenian; complex- 895-906: St.Paul and St.Peter church; 836-48: early constr.- rebuilt St.Gregory in 1295; 905: Gazavan- 8m pendulous pillar; 11^th c.CE: Astvatsatsin; earthquake in 1931; Tatev, Syunik)

· Zorats Karer [MA](7600-4500 BCE: Neolithic: Karahunj stone circle observatory; temple ded.to Armenian sun-god Ari?; star stones- Cygnus-Deneb; Bronze-Iron Age: necropolis: 223 large stone tombs; 300 BCE-300 CE: Hellenistic-Roman: place of refuge; Sisian, Syunik)

· Zvartnots (Yereven, Armavir)

· Zvartnots Cathedral (642-53 CE: Armenian Apostolic; Echmiatsin, Vagharshapat, Yereven)

AZERBAIJAN:

· Ateshgah of Baku [“Fire Temple”](17^th-18^th c.CE: Hindu/Zorastrian temple-castle; 1883 CE: abandoned; pentagonal complex; Surakhani; Baku)

· Bibi-Heybat Mosque (1281 CE: Shirvan Islamic; Baku)

· Gandzasar monastery (1216-38 CE: Armenian; relics of Saint Zaechariah; bas-reliefs- crucifixion, adam and eve; Vank, Martakert, Nagorno-Karabakh)

· Gobustan [MA](20000 BCE: rock painting; petroglyphs; btwn.Pirsagat and Sumgait r.; 40 mi. SW Baku)

BAHRAIN:

· Khamis Mosque (692 CE: Islamic; Khamis)

BANGLADESH: [Buddhist/Jain/Hindu temples (mandir), monasteries]

· Chandranath Temple (accd.to Hindu sacred texts, where the arm of Goddess Sati fell; Sitakunda)

· Comilla Jagannath Temple (16^th c.CE: Hindu)

· Dhakeshwari Temple (12^th c.CE: Hindu; Dhaka)

· Dhamrai Jagannath Rath (19^th c.CE: chariot temple; Dhamrai)

· Jagannath Temple/Handial Mandir (1300 CE: Hindu; Pabna)

· Jeshoreshwari Kali Temple (13^th c.CE: Hindu; Ishwaripur; Satkhira)

· Kal Bhairab (19^th c.CE: Shaivite-Hindu; giant Shivalinga; Medda; Brahmanbaria; Chittagong)

· Kantajew Temple (1702-52 CE: Hindu; terracotta; earthquake dmg; Dinajpur)

· Khan Mohammad Mridha Mosque (1704-5 CE: Islamic; Dhaka)

· Puthia Temple Complex (1815 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Rajshahi)

· Ramna Kali Mandir (1000 BP: Kali-Hindu; 1971 CE: destroyed by Pakistan Army; Dhaka)

· Somapura Mahavihara (810 CE: monastery; Naogaon)

· Taherpur Temple (1480 CE: Hindu; Rajshahi)

BHUTAN: [Buddhist temples, stupa, fortress (dzong)]

· Chagri Dorjeden Monastery (1620 CE)

· Choedrak Monastery (1234 CE; near Tharpaling monastery)

· Chorten Charo Kasho (19^th c.CE: stupa; Trongsa)

· Chorten Kora (18^th c.CE: stupa; Trashiyangtse; Kulong Chu r.)

· Dungtse Lhakhang (1421/1433 CE: monastery; Paro)

· Gangkhar Puensum [SM] [“Three Mountain Siblings”]

· Gangtey Monastery (1450 CE: Wangdue Phodrang d.)

· Jambay Lhakhang (659 CE: monastery; Bumthang/Jakar)

· Jomolhari/Chomolhari [SM] [aka.”the bride of Kangchenjunga”](Tib.: abode of Jomo protector goddess bound by Guru Padmasambhava; Jomolhari Temple, meditation caves of Milarepa and Gyalwa; Thangthangkha; Jangothang; Jomo Lharang holy lake)

· Kongchogsaum Lhakhang/Tsilung (8^th c.CE: central Bhutan)

· Kungzandra (8^th c./1488 CE: monastery; Tang valley)

· Kurjey Lhakhang (monastery; Bumthang)

· Kyichu Lhakhang (7^th c.CE: Paro)

· Lhuentse Dzong (1543)

· Nalanda Buddhist Institute (1754 CE: Punakha Dzongkhag)

· Simtokha Dzong (1629 CE; Thimphu)

· Taktsang Dzong (1692 CE: Paro)

· Tamshing Lhakhang (1501: Bumthang)

· Tango Monastery (13^th c.CE; Thimphu)

· Thowadra Monastery (1238 CE; Tang v.)

· Trongsa Dzong (1543 CE; Trongsa)

· Zugne (7^th c.CE; Bumthang)

BURMA/MYANMAR: [1431 CE: Arakanese; Buddh. pagoda = kyaik; stupa = paya]

· Amarapura (1816 CE: Pahtodawgyi Buddh. stupa; 1847 CE: Kyautawgyi Paya Buddh. stupa)

· Ananda Temple (1105 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Andaw Thein (1515; Mrauk U; Rakhine)

· Bandoola Kyaung Monastery

· Bawbawgyi Pagoda (Pyay)

· Bawbawlay Pagoda (Pyay)

· Botataung Pagoda [“1000 military officers”](2500 BP?: Buddh.; Yangon)

· Bupaya Pagoda (2^nd or 11^th c. CE: Buddh.; Ayeyarwady r.; Bagan)

· Dhammayangyi Temple (1167 CE: largest Buddh.temple in Bagan)

· Dhammayazika Pagoda (1121 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Five Mahn Pagodas (Mingala-Mahn-Aung; Ratna-Mahn-Aung; Sakya-Mahn-Aung; Lawka-Mahn-Aung; Zina-Mahn-Aung)

· Gawdawpalin Temple (1211 CE: Buddh.; 1975 CE: earthquake dmg; Bagan)

· Hpaung Daw U Pagoda (Inle l.; Shan)

· Htilominlo Temple (1105 CE: Buddh.; 1975 earthquake dmg; Bagan)

· Htukkanthein Temple (1571; Mrauk U; Rakhine)

· Koe-thaung Temple (1553; Mrauk U; Rakhine)

· Kuthodaw Pagoda (1857 CE: Theravada Buddh.; 729 kyauksa gu/stone inscription caves w/Tipitaka in Pali; Mandalay)

· Kyaikpun Paya (Bago)

· Kyaiktiyo Pagoda [“pagoda; to carry on the hermit’s head;” aka.“Golden Rock”](Kyaiktiyo m.; Mon)

· Le-myet-hna Temple (1535: Shite-thuang; Mrauk U; Rakhine)

· Mahabodhi Temple (1200s CE: Buddh; modeled after Mahabodhi, Bihar; Bagan)

· Maha Kalyani Paya (Bago)

· Mahamuni Buddha Temple (1785 CE: Buddh.; Mandalay)

· Mahazedi (Bago)

· Manuha Temple (1067 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Mawai-daw Kucku Pagoda (Shan)

· Mingalazedi Pagoda (1284 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Mingun Pagoda

· Nanpaya Temple (Brahma-Hindu; Myinkaba; Bagan)

· Nathlaung Kyaung Temple (1000s CE: Vishnu-Hindu; Bagan)

· Payathonzu Temple [“Group of Three Buddhas”](middle ages: Buddh.; Mahayana-Tantric interior frescoes; Bagan)

· Pindaya Caves (1773 CE: Buddh.; 8000 images of Buddha; Shan)

· Ratana-pon (1612; Mrauk U)

· Sanda Muni Temple

· Shite-thaung Temple (1535; Mrauk U; Rakhine)

· Shri Kali Temple (Hindu; Yangon)

· Shwedagon Pagoda (2500 BP: legend; 6^th c.CE: stupa; Yangon)

· Shwegugale Paya (Bago)

· Shwegugyi Temple (1131 CE: Buddh.; stone slabs in Pali; Bagan)

· Shenandaw Monastery (1800s CE: Buddh.; Mandalay)

· Shwemawdaw Paya [aka.”Golden God Temple”](10^th c. CE: pagoda; Bago)

· Shwesandaw Pagoda (1057 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Shwesandaw Pagoda (Buddh.; Paya)

· Shwethalyaung Buddha (994 CE: reclining Buddha temple; Bago)

· Shwezigon Pagoda (1102 CE: Buddh.; Nyaung Oo; Bagan)

· Sulamani Temple (1183 CE: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Sule Pagoda (2500 BP: Buddh.stupa; Yangon)

· Tharabha/Sarabha Gate (middle ages: Buddh.; Bagan)

· Thatbyinnyu Temple (mid-1100s CE: Buddh.; adj.Ananda Temple; Bagan)

CAMBODIA: [Angkor; derived from Sanskrit: “city” (nagara); wat/pagoda]

· Angkor Thom (900 CE: Hindu temple complex: Angkor Wat, Bayon, Phimeanakas, Preah Pithu, Preah Palilay, Phnom Bakheng; Preah Khan, Ta Keo, Prasat Kravanh, Prasat Kok Po, Prasat Phnom Rung, Prasat Roluh, Prasat Ak Yom, Prasat Kas Ho, Western Mebon, Prasat Ta Noreay, Prasat Trapeang Ropou, Baphuon, Neak Pean, Ta Som, Eastern Mebon, Pre Rup, Ta Prohm, Banteay Kdei, Sras Srang, Banteay Samre, Khleangs, Terrace of the Elephants, Terrace of the Leper King, Thommanon; irrigation system; Siem Reap)

Phnom Bok [SM] (900 CE: Hindu hill temple; Siem Reap)

Phnom Dei [SM] (900 CE: Hindu hill temple; Siem Reap)

Phnom Krom [SM] (9^th c.CE: Shiva-Vishnu-Brahma hill temple; Siem Reap)

Phnom Kulen [SM] (Siem Reap)

· Angkor Wat [MA](9^th c.CE: Hindu cosmological temple symbolizing Mount Meru; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Bakong (881 CE: Hindu-Shivaite temple; Hariharalaya, Ruluos)

· Baksei Chamkrong [“Bird who Shelters Under Its Wings”](968 CE: Shiva temple; Siem Reap)

· Banteay Prei Nokor (SE Kompong Cham)

· Banteay Samre (Hindu; Angkor)

· Banteay Srei (967 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Angkor)

· Banteay Chhmar (12^th c.CE; Thma Puok)

· Baphuon (11^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Angkor Thom)

· Bat Chum (10^th c.CE; Srah Srang, Angkor)

· Bayon (1200 CE: Mahayana Buddh.; Hindu-Theravada temple; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Beng Mealea (12^th c.CE: Vishnu temple; E Angkor)

· Chau Say Tevoda (12^th c.CE; Thommanon)

· Drukhsh (12^th c.CE: Vishnu-Hindu temple; Theravada Buddh.; Siem Reap)

· East Baray (900 CE; near Angkor Thom)

· Kbal Romaas (Neolithic)

· Kbal Spean (11-13^th c.CE: 1000 lingas; Kulen hills)

· Koh Ker (928 CE; NE Angkor)

· Koulen

· Krol Ko (12^th c.CE: Buddhist temple; Angkor)

· Lolei (9^th c.CE: Shivaite; Ruluos)

· Phimeanakas (910 CE: royal marriage rite naga temple; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Phnom Bakheng [SM](900 CE: 1^st Angkor Shiva-Hindu temple; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Phnom Chisor (11^th CE: Hindu; S Phnom Penh)

· Phnom Laang (Paleolithic)

· Prasat Andat (7^th c.CE: Hindu; Kampong Svay; Kampong Thom)

· Prasath Kasaouit

· Prasat Kravanh (921 CE: Hindu temple; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Prasat Kuh Nokor (10^th-11^th c.CE: Buddhist temple; Baray)

· Prasat Phum Prasat (706 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Kampong Thom)

· Preah Khan (1191 CE: Buddhist temple; Angkor Thom; Siem Reap)

· Preah Ko (879 CE: Shivite; Hariharalaya)

· Preah Vihear (11^th-12^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Dangrek m.; Preah Vihear)

· Ruluos [“Temples”] (9^th c.CE: temples: Bakong, Lolei, Preah Ko; Hariharalaya)

· Sambor Prei Kuk (7^th c.CE; Kompong Thom)

· Spean Thma [ka.“bridge of stone”](Ta Keo; Angkor; between Angkor Thom and Eastern Baray)

· Ta Keo (1000 CE: Shiva-Hindu temple mountain; Angkor Thom)

· Ta Nei (12^th c.CE; Angkor)

· Thommanon (12^th c.CE: Vishnu-Shiva-Hindu; Siem Reap)

· Tonle Bati (12^th c.CE; S Phnom Penh)

· Wat Athvea/Prasat Vat Althea (12^th c.CE: Hindu-Buddh.; Angkor)

· Wat Bakan (1200 CE)

· West Baray (713 CE/11^th c.CE; W Angkor Thom)

· West Mebon (11^th c.CE: Hindu; Angkor)

· Yasodharapura [“Holy/Capital City”] (899-917 CE; Phnom Bakheng)

CHINA: [Taoist and Buddhist temples (si/gong); Tibetan monasteries][SM]

Expansion of Bronze Age sites (2200-256 BCE: Xia-Shang-Zhou d.; near copper and tin ores):

19-16^th c.BCE: Shang d.; Yellow r.- Anyang (epicenter), Zhengzhou, Dengfeng, Erlitou, Luoyang, Xia Xian

16-14^th c.BCE: Shang d.; Yellow r.- Anyang, Zhengzhou, Erlitou, Luoyang; Yangzi r.- Panlongcheng

15-11^th c.BCE: Shang d.; Yellow r.- Anyang, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Hui Xian, Xun Xian, Lingbao, Yonghe, Shilou, Suide, Baode, Xin Xian, Gaocheng; Huai r.- Jiashan, Funan; Yangzi r.- Changxing, Feixi, Panlongcheng, Chongyang, Changsha, Ningxiang, Liliing, Changning; Qingjiang; Wuming

13-11^th c.BCE: Shang d.; High Yinxu, Anyang phase; Yellow r.- Anyang, Zhengzhou, Wen Xian, Luoyang; Huai r.- Tianmen

11-10^th c.BCE: Western Zhou d.; Lingyuan, Kezue; Yellow r.-Xingtai, Anyang, Changzhi, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Lihtong, Chang-an, Jingyang, Fufeng, Qishan, Baoji, Lingtai, Shilou; Yangzi r.- Peng Xian

1000-771 BCE: Western Zhou d.; Yellow r.- Feicheng, Anyang, Luoyang, Fufeng, Meishan, Qishan; Huai r.- Sui Xian, Jingshan

770-476 BCE: Spring and Autumn period of Eastern Zhou d.; Tangshan, Hunyuan/Liyu; Yellow r.- Luoyang, Hui Xian, Feicheng, Xinzheng, Shangcunling/Shan Xian, Houma, Changzhi; Huai r.- Shou Xian; Yangzi r.- Wujin, Yandunshan, Tunxi, Tonglushan, Jingshan, Sui Xian, Jiangling, Hengshan, Gongcheng

475-221 BCE: Warring States period; Eastern Zhou d.; Yellow r.- Pingshan, Hui Xian, Jincun, Luoyang, Shan Xian, Xianyang, Xingping; Yangzi r.- Sui Xian, Jiangling, Changsha, Xiangxiang, Fuling, Chengdu, Shizhaishan, Jiangchuan; Zhaoying

206 BCE-8 CE: Western Han d.; Yellow r.- Mancheng, Luoyang, Wuwei, Anxi, Dunhuang; Yangzi r.- Changsha, Shizhaishan, Jiangchuan

· Ani Tsankhung Nunnery (7^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Badachu [“Eight Great Sites”] (Eight Buddhist temples; Shijingshan, Beijing)

1) Changan Temple (Temple of Eternal Peace)

2) Dabei Temple (Temple of Great Mercy)

3) Dragon Spring Nunnery

4) Lingguang Temple (temple of Divine Light)

5) Pearl Cave (The Cave of Precious Pearl)

6) Sanshan Nunnery (Three-hill Nunnery)

7) Xiangjie Temple (The Temple of the Fragrant World)

8) Zhengguo Temple

· Bailin Temple [“Monastery of the Cypress Grove”](1347 CE: Yuan d. Buddhist temple; Beijing)

· Baimasi [“White Horse Temple”] [SR](Eastern Han d.: 1^st Buddhist temple in China?; Luoyang)

· Banpo (4500 BCE: Yangshao)

· Bao’ensi (1440 CE: Buddhist monastery complex; Sichuan)

· Baoguangsi (Tang d.Buddhist temple-pagoda; Chengdu)

· Baoguosi/Lingshan Temple (880 CE: Tang d.Mahayana Buddhist; Jiangbei, Ningbo, Zhejiang)

· Bashidang (5540 BCE: Pengtoushan culture: Lixian, Hunan)

· Beifudi (7-8000 BCE: Cishan-Xinglongwa cultures: pottery masks, carved relief, altars, evidence of burned burials on raised platforms; stone tools, ceramic pots, subterranean cave shelters, sacrificial sites, jade pieces; Yi, Baoding, Hebei)

· Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves [SR](5^th c.CE; Turpan-Loulan)

· Bingling Temple cave (420 CE: giant Buddhas; Lanzhou, Gansu)

· Beiyuemiao [“Northern Peak Temple”] (2^nd c.BCE: Han; Northern Wei/Tang; Quyang, Heibei)

· Bozikeli Qian Fo Dong/Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves [SR](5^th-9^th c.CE: 77 rock-cut caves; arched ceilings; Buddhist murals; Turpan-Shanshan; near Gaochang ruins; Mutou valley; Taklamakan desert)

· Buchasergyi Lakang (Nyingchi, Tibet)

· Buchu Sergyi Lhakhang (7^th c.CE: Buddh. Monastery; Bayi, Tibet)

· Chang’an/Xian [SR](1 CE: ancient capital)

· Changchun Temple (1592 CE: Ming d. Buddhist temple; Xuanwu, Beijing)

· Cheng’en Temple (Sui d.; 1510 CE: Ming d. Buddhist temple; Beijing)

· Chenghuangmiao [“City God Temple”]/Jinshan God Temple (1403 CE: Ming; Taoist temple; Shanghai)

· Chengling Pagoda (540 CE; Zhengding)

· Chengtoushan (4500 BCE: earliest rice field- Changde, Hunan)

· Chengxu Temple (1086 CE: Song; Taoist temple; Zhouzhuang)

· Chengziya AS (2500 BCE: Longshan settlement; Jinan, Shandong)

· Chokorgyel Monastery (1509 CE: Buddhist; Metoktang v. Tibet)

· Dabeilou (1500 BP: Buddhist-part of Zhantanlin Temple; Jiuhuashan)

· Dafosi (1000+ BP: Buddhist; Xinchang, Zhejiang)

· Dahuisi [“Temple of Great Wisdom”](1513 CE: Ming d.Buddhist temple; Beijing)

· Dajue Temple [“Great Awakening Temple/Temple of Enlightenment”] /Qingshui [“Clear Water Temple”](1068 CE: Liao d.Buddhist temple; 1428 CE: Ming d.rebuilt; Haidian, Beijing)

· Daxiangguosi (555 CE: Buddhist; Kaifeng, Henan)

· Dazhaosi (1579 CE: Buddhist temple; Hohhot; Inner Mongolia)

· Dazhong Temple [“Big Bell Temple”]/Juesheng Temple (1733 CE: Qing d.Buddhist temple; Beijing)

· Dazu Shike/Rock Carvings (7^th c.CE: Buddhist-Confucian-Taoist; 75 sites; 50000 statues, 100000 inscription carvings; Dazu, Chongqing, Sichuan; Baodingshan and Beishan)

· Donglinsi [“East Wood Temple”](Tang d.: Pure Land Buddhist monastery; Jiujiang, Jiangxi; Lushan)

· Drepung Monastery [“Rice Heap”](1416 CE: Buddhist; m.Gephel; Lhasa)

· Drigung Monastery (1179 CE; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Dunhuang [“Blazing Beacon”](Han d.: pilgrimage site; Gansu)

· Erligang (Shang d. bronze settlement; Henan)

· Erlitou (Shang d. bronze settlement; Henan)

· Fahai Temple [SR](1439 CE: Ming d.Buddhist temple; Shijingshan, Beijing)

· Famensi (Northern Zhou d. Buddhist temple and pagoda; Fufeng; Xian, Shaanxi)

· Fawangsi (Tang d.: Buddhist temple; 2 pagodas; Dengfeng, Henan; Songshan)

· Fayusi/Stone Temple (1699 CE: Qing d.Buddhist temple; Zhejiang; Putuoshan)

· Fayuan Temple (645 CE: Tang d.Buddhist temple; Ming d.rebuilt; Beijing)

· Five Sacred Mountains of Taoism: [SM]

1) E-Taishan [“Leading Peaceful Mountain”](Paleo-Neolithic; 3000 BP: religious worhip; Shang d.-Qing d.; Qin d.: Daimiao Temple; Dongyue Temple; Zengfu; Yellow r.; Tai’an, Shandong)

2) W-Huashan [“Splendid Mountain”](2^nd c.BCE: Taoist temple-Shrine of the Western Peak; immortality herbs- Kou Qianzhi; Chen Tuan revelations; Cloister of the Jade Spring dedicated to Chen Tuan; Quanzhen School; Weinan; Huayin; Yellow r.; Xian, Shaanxi)

3) S-Nan Hengshan/Nan Yue [“Balancing Mountain”](8^th c.CE: Buddhist monastery- Zhushengsi; Zhurong Gong; 725 CE: Heaven Governor Huo King Temple/South Heaven Genuine Master Temple/Grand Temple of Mount Heng; Hengyang, Hunan)

4) N-Bei Hengshan [“Permanent Mountain”](Han d.: Beiyue Miao, “Shrine of the Northern Peak”; 491 CE: Xuankongsi/Buddhist Hanging Monastery; Xinzhou-Yuanping; Hongdao-Dingxiang, Shanxi)

5) C-Songshan [“Lofty Mountain”](477 CE: Shaolin Temple- birth of Zen Buddhism, largest collection of stupas in China; Pagoda Forest; 523 CE: Songyue Pagoda; Tang d.: Fawang Temple pagodas; Dengfeng; Yellow r.; Zhengzhou, Henan)

Beiwudangshan (Taoist temple complex; Luliang, Shanxi)
Chungnanshan (Yellow r.; Shaansi)
Kunlunshan (Amnemachinshan)
Longhushan [“Dragon Tiger Mountain”] (Han d.: birthplace of religious Taoism; Temples founded by Zhang Daoling: Celestial Master Taoism seat; Immortal City; Zheng Yi; Guyue hanging coffin cliff burials; Yingtan, Jianxi)
Luofushan (Jin d.: Ge Hong huts made into temples: S-Emptiness, W-Yellow Dragon, E-Nine Heavens, N-Junkets; Wa Sau Toi- Dragon and Bak/Bai Mei “White Eyebrows” Gungfu; Mok Gar master Lin Yin-Tang studied meditation and TCM here; Choy Lee Fut founder Chan Heung was monk here; Guangdong)
Huangshan/Yishan (legend: where Huangdi ascended to heaven; Anhui)
Laoshan (412 CE: Faxian pilgrimage; Qingdao, Shandong)
Maoshan (5^th c.CE: Tao Hongjing retreat; Shangqing seat; Yangzi r.; near Nanjing; Jiangsu)
Poyuanshan (Anhui)
Qingchengshan (2500 BCE?: site of Huangdi’s studies with Ning Fengzhi; 36 peaks; Dujiangyan, Sichuan)
Qiyunshan [“As High as the Clouds”](Qingyang, Anhui; near Huangshan)
Shaoshan (Hunan)
Xiangshan (Yellow r.; Henan)
Xiongershan (near Huashan; Yellow r.; Henan)
Wudangshan (Han d.: Taoist academics; Tang d.: Five Dragon Temple; Ming d.: Zhenwu Temple-Halls: 1416 CE: Golden Hall; Nanyan gong; 1413: Purple Cloud Temple: 7^th c.CE: Green Dragon Crescent Blade; Han r.; Shiyan, Hubei)
Wuyishan (4000 BP; 7^th c.CE: Wuyi Palace; Taoist/Buddhist: 35 academies, 60 Taoist temples; 11^th c.CE: Neo-Confucianism cradle; Fujian)

· Foguangsi (857 CE: Tang d.Buddhist temple; East Hall; 1137 CE: Hall of Grand Temple of Mount Heng/Heaven Governor Huo King Temple/South Heaven Genuine Master Temple (725 CE: Buddhist temple; Hengyang, Hunan; Nan Hengshan)

· Forbidden City (1406 CE: Ming d.capital; Beijing)

· Foshan Ancestral Temple (Song d.; 1372 CE: Ming d.: Taoist temple; Foshan, Guandong)

· Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains: [SM]

1) Emeishan [“Delicate Eyebrow Mountain”](1^st c.CE: 1^st Buddhist temple built in China; Ming-Qing d.: 76 Buddhist monasteries; Baoguosi; Leiyinsi; Qingyinge; grottoes; Yangzi r; Leshan, Sichuan)

2) Jiuhuashan/Lingyangshan [“Nine Glories Mountain”](Temples: 1500 BP: Huacheng; 598 CE: Guoqing; Dabeilou; Baisuigong; Qiyuansi; Roushen; Tianchi; Zhantanlin; Zhiyuan; Yangzi r.; Chizhou, Anhui)

3) Putuoshan [“Potalaka Mountain”](Temples: Puji; Fayu; Shanghai; Zhoushan is., Zhejiang)

4) Wutaishan [“Five Terrace Plateau Mountain”](53 sacred monasteries; Major Temples: Yuan d.: Nanshan <lower 3 terraces-Jile; middle-Shande; upper 3-Youguo; Xiantong; Tayuan; Pusading; Inner Temples: Shouning; Bishan; Puhua; Dailuo Ding; Shuxiang; Guangzong; Yuanzhao; Guanyin Dong; Longquan; Luomuhou; 767 CE: Jinge; Zhenhai; Wanfo-ge; Guanhai; Zhulin; Jifu; Gufo “Old Buddha”; Outer Temples: Jin d.: Yangqing; 782 CE: Nanchan; Tang d.: Mimi; 857 CE: Foguang; 1158 CE: Yanshan; Tang d.: Zunsheng; Jin d.: Guangji; Tang d.: oldest existing wooden buildings; Shanxi)

o Everest Mount [Tibetan: “Saint Mother” (Qomolangma Peak); Chinese: “Earth Mother” (Zhumulangma Feng/Shengmu Feng)](highest mountain on Earth; Rongbuk monastery)

o Huangmeishan (Chan/Zen- East Mountain Teaching; Yangzi r.; Hubei)

o Jizu Mount/Nine Stratta Cliffs (Temples: Shu k.: nunneries; Tang-Ming-Qing d.: Zunsheng Tower, Xitansi, Shizhongsi, Huayansi, Jindingsi, Zhushengsi, Lengyan pagoda, Jiguansi, Dajuesi; Dali, Yunnan)

o Kailash Mount [Skt.:”crystal”] (sacred place of five religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Ayyavazhi, Bon; Manasarowar and Rakshastak Lakes; Tibet)

o Lushan (402 CE: Hui-yuan founded Pure Land Buddhism here; Yangzi r.; Jiangxi)

o Miaofengshan (Grand Canal; near Beijing; Hebei)

o Nan Wutaishan (Yellow r.; Shaanxi)

o Tiantaishan (Zhejiang)

o Wangtan (Zhejiang)

· Ganden Monastery (1409 CE; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Gaochang Ruins [SR](1^st c.BCE; Turpan, Xinjiang)

· Guanghuasi (558 CE: Buddhist temple; Fujian)

· Gufosi (Qing d.: Buddhist temple; Wutaishan)

· Guiyuansi (1658 CE: Qing d.Buddhist temple; Wuhan/Hanyang City, Hubei)

· Guoqingsi (598 CE: Sui d.Buddhist temple; Taizhou, Zhejiang; Tiantaishan)

· Manasarovar/Manasa Sovara Lake (Hindu sacred lake; Kailash m.; Chiu Gompa; Tibet)

· Manjusri; Zushi Pagoda; 6^th c.CE: Songyue Pagoda; Wutaishan)

· Giant Wild Goose Pagoda [SR](652 CE; Xian)

· Great Mosque of Xian [SR](700 CE: Islamic; Xian, Shaanxi)

· Great White Pyramid [SR](210 BCE: Xian)

· Great White Pagoda/Sarira Stupa of Tayuan Temple (1582: Ming Dynasty; Mt.Wutai)

· Guanghan (Shang d. bronze settlement; Sichuan)

· Guanghuasi (Buddhist temple; Xicheng, Beijing)

· Guangjisi (Jin d.Buddhist temple; Wutaishan; Beijing)

· Guangxiaosi [“Temple of Bright Filial Piety”](206 BCE: Buddhist; Guangzhou)

· Guoqingsi (598 CE: Buddh.; Tiantai m.; Hangzhou, Zhejiang)

· Gyang (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Lhatse, Tibet)

· Hanshansi [“Cold Mountain Temple”](502 CE: Buddhist temple-monastery; Fenqiao, Suzhou)

· Haxiu (4000 BCE)

· Hongluo Temple (Tand d.Buddhist Temple; Beijing)

· Houjiazhuang (Shang d.; large tombs: 72 bronzes in 1004; 460 bronzes, 750 jades, 560 bone objects, 5 pottery obj., stone and ivory sculpture in tomb of Fu Hao; 191 burial pits; 1330 human and animal sacrifices; bone oracles; Xibeigang; Anyang)

· Hua Pagoda (Tang d.; Zhengding)

· Huaisheng Mosque (650 CE: Islamic; Guangzhou)

· Huangpi Panlongcheng (Shang culture bronze settlement; Hubei)

· Huqiusi [“Tiger Hill Temple”](327 CE: Buddhist; Suzhou, Jiangsu)

· Id Kah Mosque [SR](1442 CE: Islamic; Kashgr, Xinjiang)

· Jiahu (7000 BCE: Peiligang culture; Luoyuan, Fujian)

· Jianfusi [SR](684 CE: Tang d.Buddhist temple hosting Small Wild Goose Pagoda; ancient bells; Xian, Shaanxi)

· Jiaohe Ruins [SR](108 BCE: Anterior Jushi capital; Turpan, Xinjiang)

· Jietai Temple (Tang d.Buddhist temple; Mentougou, Beijing)

· Jimingsi (557 CE: Liang d.Buddhist temple; 1387 CE: rebuilt; Nanjing)

· Jing’ansi [“Temple of Peace and Tranquility”](247 CE: Wu k. Buddhist temple; 1216 CE: relocated; Shanghai)

· Jinci Temple/Huiri Yongming Temple (954 CE: Buddhist; Hangzhou, Zhejiang)

· Jingesi [“Golden Pavillion Temple”](767 CE: Buddhist; Shanxi; Wutaishan)

· Jinsha (1000 BCE: Baodun culture; ivory, jade, bronze, gold, stone objects; Chengdu)

· Jiaohe Ruins [SR](108 BCE: Jushi k.; Han d.; Turpan)

· Jietai (Tang d. Buddhist temple; Mentougou, Beijing)

· Jokhang/Tsuklakang (605-650 CE: early geomantic Tib.Buddh. temple; Barkhor Square, Lhasa)

· Jonang (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Phuntsholing, Tibet)

· Kachu (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Chimpu, Tibet)

· Karma Gon Monastery (12^th c.CE: Karma Kagyu sect, Tibetan Buddh.; Chamdo)

· Katok Monastery (1159 CE: Tib.Buddh; Nyingma, Tibet)

· Khorzhak Monastery (996 CE: Tib.Buddh.; Burang; Ngari, Tibet)

· Kizil Caves [SR](3^rd-8^th c.CE: Buddhist frescoes; Baicheng, Xinjiang)

· Kumbum (1427: Palcho Monastery; Gyantse Kumbum; Tibet)

· Kyangbu (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Gyantse, Tibet)

· Lamaling Monastery (7^th c.CE: Nyingmapa sect. Tib.Buddh.; Buchu, Burqug, Nyingchi, Tibet)

· Linggusi (515 CE: Liang d. Buddhist temple-pagoda; Nanjing, Jiangsu; Zhongshan)

· Lingxiao Pagoda (762 CE; Zhengding)

· Lingyansi [“Temple of the Understanding Rocks”](357 CE; 11^th c.CE: Buddhist; 1056 CE: Pizhi Pagoda; 167 stupa forest; Tai’an, Shandong; Taishan)

· Lingyinsi [“Temple of the Soul’s Retreat”](328 CE: Eastern Jin d. Chan Buddhist temple; monastery; pagoda; Feilai Feng grottoes; Hangzhou, Zhejiang; Wulinshan)

· Liuhe Pagoda (10^th c.CE; d.1121 CE; r.1165 CE: Hangzhou, Zhejiang)

· Liurongsi [“Six Banyan Trees Temple”](537 CE: Buddhist temple-pagoda; Guangzhou)

· Longhuasi [“Luster of the Dragon Temple”](242 CE; 977 CE: rebuilt Chan Buddhist temple; pagoda; 500 Lohan; Shanghai)

· Longmen Grottoes [“Dragon’s Gate”](316-907 CE: Cave/Grottoes: Northern Wei d.: Guyang, Middle Binyang, Lotus-flower, Weizi, Huangfugong; Sui d.: South Binyang; Tang d.: Fengxiansi, 10000 Buddha Cave, Hidden Stream Temple, Kanjingsi, Dawanwufo, North Binyang; Luoyang, Henan)

· Longxingsi (1052 CE: Song d. Buddhist monastery; Zhengding, Hebei)

· Louguantai (Taoist temple; where tradition says Laozi composed the daodejing; Ta Yu village; Zhouzhi, Shaanxi; Xian)

· Manasarovar Lake (highest fresh water lake in world; 1200 mi. from Lhasa; Mount Kailash)

· Melikawat ruins [SR](300 BCE; Hotan)

· Menri Monastery [“medicine mountain”](1405 CE: Bön; Tibet)

· Miaoying Temple (Liao-Yuan d. Buddhist temple; Xicheng, Beijing)

· Milarepa’s/Namkading Cave (1052-1135 c.CE: Milarepa; Nyalam, Tibet)

· Mimisi (Tang d. Buddhist; Wutaishan)

· Mindroling Monastery (1676 CE: Nyingma school; Zhanang, Shannan, Tibet)

· Mogao Caves/Grottoes/Caves of the Thousand Buddhas/Dunhuang Caves [SR] (366-1366 CE: Buddhist cave shrines and art; 406-1002 CE: manuscripts; Dunhuang, Gansu)

· Muru/Meru Nyingba Monastery (7^th c.CE: Buddh; Barkhor, Lhasa, Tibet)

· Nanchansi (782 CE: Buddhist temple; Xinzhou; Wutaishan)

· Nanhuasi (502 CE: Chan Buddhist monastery; near Caoqi; Shaoguan, Guangdong)

· Nanputuosi (Tang d.: Buddhist temple; Xiamen, Fujian)

· Narthang Monastery (1153 CE: Buddh.; Shigatse, Tibet)

· Nechung Monastery/Sungi Gyelpoi Tsenkar [“the smaller dwelling;” “Demon Fortress of the Oracle King”](8^th c.CE: Buddh.; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Niujie Mosque (996 CE; r.1622-1722 CE: Islamic; Beijing)

· Niya/Jingjue [SR](1800 BCE: 100 dwellings, sickles, clubs, urns, human remains)

· Ngor Ewam Choden (1429 CE: Sakyapa Tib.Tantric Buddh.; Shigatse, Tibet)

· Nyethang Drolma Lhakhang (9^th c.CE: Atisha Buddh. Monastery; Nyethang, Tibet)

· Palcho/Pelkor Chode Monastery/Shekar Gyantse (1418 CE: Tib. Buddh.; Gyangze, Shigatse, Tibet)

· Palpung Monastery (1727 CE: Tibetan Buddhist monastery; Dege, Sichuan)

· Palyul (1665 CE: Nyingma Tib.Buddh.)

· Potala Palace (637 CE: Tib.Buddh. Songsten Gampo; res. of Dalai Lama; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Pujichansi [“Chan Temple of Universal Salvation”] (916 CE: Chan Buddhist temple; Putuoshan)

· Puningsi (1755 CE: Buddhist temple; Chengde, Hebei)

· Putuo Zongchengsi (1767 CE: Buddhist temple; Chengde, Hebei)

· Qianfoshan [“Thousand Buddha Mountain”](Sui d. carved Buddha relief in hill rock; Xingguochan Temple; Jinan, Shandong)

· Qixiasi (489 CE: Buddhist temple; 1000 Buddha Caves grottoe; Nanjing, Jiangsu)

· Ralung Monastery (1180 CE: Drukpa Tib.Buddh.; Tsang, Gyantse, Tibet)

· Ramoche Temple (7^th c.CE: Gelug Tib.Buddh.monastery; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Rongbuk Monastery (1902 CE: Nyingma Tib.Buddh.; Everest m.; Dingri, Xigaze, Tibet)

· Sakya Monastery [“pale earth”](1073 CE: Sakyapa Tib.Buddh.; Shigatse, Tibet)

· Salu Monastery (1040 CE: Sakya Tib.Buddhist; Shigatse, Tibet)

· Samding Monastery [“Temple of Soaring Meditation”](13^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Tibet)

· Samye Gompa (775 CE: Tib.Buddh.; Shannan, Tibet)

· Sanga Monastery (1409 CE: Tib.Buddh.; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Sanxingdui [“Three Stars Mound”](1200 BCE: Baodun culture; bronze artifacts and mound; Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan)

· Sera Monastery (1419 CE: Gelug Tib.Buddh.; Wangbur m.; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Shalu (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Gyantse, Tibet)

· Shanhuasi (11^th c.CE: Buddhist temple; Datong, Shanxi)

· Shaolinsi (477 CE: Buddhist temple-monastery; 791 CE: Pagoda Forest; Dengfeng, Henan; Songshan)

· Shechen Monastery (1695 CE: Nyingma Tib.Buddh.; Derge, Tibet)

· Shelkar [“crystal white”] Chode Monastery (1266 CE: Tib.Buddh.; Tingri, Tibet)

· Shixianggou (Shang d. bronze settlement; Henan)

· Shuanglinsi (6^th c.CE: Buddhist temple; Pingyao, Shanxi)

· Simbiling Monastery (Bon-Gelug Tib.Buddh.; Taklakot, above Purang, Ngari, Tibet)

· Simenta [“Four Gates Pagoda”](523 CE: Buddhist pagoda; Shandong)

· Small Wild Goose Pagoda (707 CE; Xian)

· Tanzhe Temple [“Temple of Pool and Zhe Tree”](1700 BP: Jin d.Buddhist; Beijing)

· Tashilhunpo Monastery (1447 CE: Gelug Tib.Buddh.; Shigatse, Tibet)

· Temple of Azure Clouds (1331 CE: Yuan d.Buddhist; Haidian, Beijing)

· Temple of the Six Banyan Trees (537 CE: Buddhist; Guangzhou)

· Terracotta Army (246 BCE: Xian)

· Three Pagodas (824 CE; Yunnan)

· Tianningsi (1100 c.CE: Liao d.Buddhist pagoda; Beijing)

· Tomb of King Wen (122 BCE: Guangzhou)

· Tradruk Temple (8^th c.CE: early geomantic Tib.Buddh.; Nedong, Shannan, Tibet)

· Tsi Nesar (7^th c.CE: early geomantic Tib.Buddh. temple; near Drongtse monastery; Gyantse, Tibet)

· Tsomon Ling (17^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh. temple; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Tsozong Gongba Monastery [“Castle in a Lake”](1400 CE: Nyingma/Red Hat Tib.Buddh.; Assam Himalaya; Tibet)

· Tuoshan [“Camel Mountain”](Northern Zhou-Tang d.: 638 Buddhas, 5 main grottoes: Tianhe “Sky River,” Tianqiao “Sky Bridge,” Tianquan “Heavenly Spring,” Wulong Pool, Tiannanmen “Gate of Southern Heaven gate;” Haotian Temple; Qingzhou, Shandong)

· Tsurphu Monastery (1159 CE: Kagyu/Karmapa Tib.Buddh.; Gurum, Lhasa, Tibet)

· Wanfusi (Chan-Zen temple; Huangbo m., Fujian)

· Wanshou Temple (1577 CE: Ming d.Buddhist; Beijing)

· Wofo Temple/Doulu temple (7^th c.CE: Buddhist)

· Wolongsi (168 CE: Buddhist; Xian)

· Wulongmiao [“Five Dragons Temple“]/King Guangren’s Temple (833 CE: Tang d.; Taoist temple; contains China’s 2^nd oldest wooden building; Ruicheng, Shanxi)

· Wutasi [“Five Pagoda Temple”]/Zhenjuesi [“Temple of the Great Righteous Awakening”](1727 CE: Buddhist; Hohhot, Inner Mongolia)

· Wusutu Zhao Monastery (1606 CE: Buddhist; Hohhot, Inner Mongolia)

· Wuyang (7500-8500 BP: earliest bone oracle incriptions; Henan)

· Xilitu Zhao (1585 CE: Lamaist temple; Hohhot; Inner Mongolia)

· Xiaotun (Shang d.; village; sacrifice burials; source of oracle bones at Yinxu; Anyang)

· Ximingsi (Tang d.Buddhist temple; Xian)

· Xingjiaosi (669 CE: Buddhist temple-pagoda; Xian)

· Xingtai <CC: 500 BCE: 20 patterns match modern crop circles in other countries>(1500 BCE: Shang dyn.; Qinghe co., Hebei)

· Xuankongsi [“Hanging Temple”](1500 BP: Buddhist-Taoist-Confucian hanging monastery; Datong, Shanxi; Hengshan)

· Xuanmiaoguan (276 CE: Western Jin d. Taoist temple; Suzhou)

· Xumi Pagoda (636 CE; Zhengding)

· Yan’an/Yanzhou (military stronghold; pilgrimage site; Shaanxi)

· Yangqingsi (Jin d. Buddhist temple; Wutaishan)

· Yanshansi (1158 CE: Buddhist temple; Wutaishan)

· Yanshi (Shang d. bronze settlement; Henan)

· Yaowangshan Stone Sculptures (Northern Wei d.-Tang d.: 200 stone tablets; 7 grottoes; statues; Yaoxian, Shaanxi)

· Yemar (11^th c.CE: Tibetan Buddh.; Gyantse, Tibet)

· Yerpa (7^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh. monastery; Lhasa, Tibet)

· Yinxu [“Remains of Yin”] (1400 BCE: Longshan; oracle bones; ancient Shang capital; necropolis?: 185 ceremonial pits, buried 852 human and animal sacrifices, 15 horses, 10 oxen, 18 sheep, 35 dogs, 5 chariots; Anyang)

· Yonghe Temple [“Palace of Peace and Harmony Lama Temple”](1695 CE: Qing d.Buddhist; Beijing)

· Youguosi (Song d. Buddhist monastery- Iron Pagoda; Kaifeng, Henan)

· Yuantongsi (8^th c.CE: Buddh.temple; Kunming)

· Yungang Grottoes [SR](460-525 CE: 252 grottoes, 51000 Buddha statues and statuettes; Datong, Shanxi)

· Yunju Temple (616 CE: Buddhist; Fangshan, Beijing)

· Zhenguosi (963 CE: Buddhist temple; Pingyao, Shanxi)

· Zhengzhou (Shang d. bronze settlement; Henan)

· Zhenjue Temple [“Temple of the Great Righteous Awakening”]/Five Pagoda Temple (Ming d. Buddhist; Beijing)

· Zhihuasi [“Temple of Wisdom Attained”](1443 CE: Buddhist; Beijing)

· Zhuhuasi [“Temple of Wisdom Attained”](Ming d.Buddhist; Beijing)

· Zunshengsi/Shanzhugeyuan/Zhenrongchanyuan (Tang d.Buddhist temple; Wutai)

HONG KONG:

· Lei Cheng Uk Han Tomb (25-200 CE: Eastern Han)

· Stone Circles (Neolithic):

o Lo Ah Tsai (Lamma is.)

o Fau Lau (Lantau is.)

· Wong Tei Tung (Palaeolithic; Sham Chung)

GEORGIA: (p.USSR)

· Armazi (100 BCE; Mtskheta)

· Bagrati Cathedral/Gelati Monastery (11^th c.CE; d.1692 in explosion by Ottoman troops; Kutaisi, Imereti)

· Dmanisi (600 CE; Kvemo Kartli)

· Jvari monastery (4^th c.CE: Saint Nino wooden cross over pagan temple; 586-605 CE: Great Church of Jvari; Mtskheta)

· Kutaisi (2^nd m.BCE: capital of k.Colchis; Rioni r.)

· Mtskheta (1000 BCE: capital of k.Iberia: Armaztsikhe acropolis; 1^st c.BCE: Roman: Pompey’s bridge; confluence of Aragvi and Kura r.)

· Nokalakevi (1000 BCE; Senaki)

· Samtavro Monastery (4^th c.CE: Nunnery of Saint Nino; 11^th c.CE: reconstructed; Mtskheta)

· Sioni Cathedral of the Dormition (5^th c.CE: initial church; 575-639 CE: new structure; 1112 CE: rebuilt; 1226 CE: Mongol destruction; 13^th c.CE: current; 1386 CE: damaged and repaired; 17^th c.CE: damaged by Persians; Mtkvari r.; Tbilisi)

· Svetitskhoveli/Living Pillar Cathedral/Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles (1^st c.CE: Elias brought Jesus’s robe here?; 4^th c.CE: original church of Saint Nino; location chosen at confluence of Mtkvari and Aragvi r.; damaged by Arabs, Persians, earthquakes; 5^th c.CE: tomb of King Vakhtang I Gorgasali; 1010-29 CE: Georgian Cross-Dome; Mtskheta)

· Tsalenjikha Cathedral (12-14^th c.CE; Byzantine Palaeologan; Tsalenjikha, Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti)

· Vani (800 BCE: gold objects)

INDIA: [Hindu temple (mandir); cave (bilam); Buddhist temple/shrine (stupa)/monastery (vihara; gompa)]

· Aasfi Masjid (1784 CE: Shia Islamic; Lucknow)

· Adichanallur (1800 BCE: 160 clay urns containing human skeletons; Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu)

· Adi Kumbeswarar Temple (700 CE: Shiva-Hindu; festival: Mahamaham; Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu)

· Aghoreshwara Temple (Hoysala-Kadamba Shiva-Hindu; Ikkeri; Shimoga; Karnataka)

· Ahobilam (Hindu: 108 Vaishnava Divyadesams; 9 temples Nallamala forest; Narasimha Swamyin Cave; Accd. to the Puranic legend, this is where Narasimha blessed Prahlada to kill demon Hiranyakashipa; Kurnool; Nandyal; Andhra Pradesh)

· Aihole (450 CE: Hindu; temples: Lad Khan- Shiva, Huchappayya, Huchimalli, Galaganatha, Durga; Chalukya style; Bagalkot; Karnataka)

· Airavatesvara Temple (12th c.CE: Dravidian-Chola Shiva-Hindu; Darasuram, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu)

· Ajanta Caves (200 BCE; Ajintha, Aurangabad)

· Alampur

· Alathiyur Hanuman Temple (1000 BCE: Hanuman Hindu; Alathiyur; near Tirur; Malappuram; Kerala)

· Alchi Monastery (1000 c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Amararama (Shiva-Hindu; Pancharama Kshetra; Shivalinga; Krishna r.; Guntur; Andra Pradesh)

· Amaravati/Dhanyakataka (500 BCE: Buddh. stupa; Buddha preaches kalachakra; Guntur, Andra Pradesh)

· Amarnath Temple (5000+ BP: Shiva-Hindu: cave temple of Amarnath-Shiva; stalagmite-linga; 1990s-2000 massacres; heavily secured w/military; Srinagar; Himachal Pradesh)

· Ambalappuzha Sri Krishna Temple (790 CE: Hindu; Kerala)

· Ambika Mata Temple (961 CE: Durga-Hindu; inscription; Udaipur, Rajastan)

· Ammachiveedu Muhurthi (1400 CE: Krishna Hindu; Ambalappuzha; Kerala)

· Ammathiruvadi Temple (1000 CE: 108 Durga Hindu; Thrissur; Kerala)

· Ambaji (Ambaji Mata-Shakti-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peetha; Abu m.; Banaskantha; Gujarat)

· Amrutesvara Temple (1196 CE: Hoysala Hindu; vimana, mandapa, kirthimukhas-demon faces; Ramayana sculptures, Mahabharata, Kanada poems by Janna; Chikmaglur; Karnataka)

· Anajaneya Temple Gotluru (400 BP: Hindu; Gotluru; Andra Pradesh)

· Ananta Vasudeva Temple (13th c.CE: Vaishnava-Hindu; Bhubaneswar, Orissa)

· Ananthanatha Basadi (1250 c.CE: Chalukya Jain; Lakshmeshwara; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Annamalaiyar Temple (10 BCE: Kovil Annamalaiyar/Shiva-Unnamalaiyaal/Parvati-Hindu; Annamalai hill; Thiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu)

· Annamanada Mahadeva Temple (800 CE: Shaivite Hindu; Annamanada; Thrissur; Kerala)

· Annapoorneshwari [“feeding one and all”] Temple (400 BP: Hindu; Horanadu; Chikmaglur; Karnataka)

· Annigeri (1050 CE: Chalukya Hindu; Temples: Amruteshwara- 76 pillars, Banashankari, Gajina Basappa, Hire Hanuman, Puradhireshwar; Annigeri; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Antara Gange [“Ganges from deep”][SM] (Shathashrunga m.; Kolar; Karnataka)

· Arambol Caves (Buddh.; Goa)

· Aranmula Parthasarathy Temple (1000 CE: Krishna Hindu; Mahabharata; Aranmula; Kerala)

· Arasavalli (7th c.CE: Surya-Narayana Swami-Hindu; Srikakulam; Andra Pradesh)

· Arattupuzha Sree Sashta (2000 BCE: Rama Hindu; Thrissur; Kerala)

· Ardhagiri Sri Veeranjaneya Swamy Temple (12th c.CE: Hanuman-Hindu; Aragonda; Andra Pradesh)

· Ashtabujakaram (Vishnu-Hindu; 108 Divyadesam; legend: Sarabeswaran; Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu)

· Avantipur

· Avudayar Koil (2^nd c.CE: Chola Shiva-Hindu; origin of sacred book of Saivism, Thiruvasakam; Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu)

· Aurangabad Caves (6-7th c.CE: 12 artificial rock-cut Buddhist shrines; Maharashta)

· Babri Mosque (1528 CE; d.1992 CE: Islamic; built over large Hindu complex; Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh)

· Badami Caves (600 CE: Karnataka)

· Badoli

· Badrinath Temple/Sapta Badri (9th c.CE: Badrinarayan-Vishnu-Hindu: Alaknanda r.; Badrinath; 4-Chota/Char Dham; Uttarakhand)

· Baijnath Temple (1000+ BP: Shiva-Hindu; Himachal Pradesh)

· Bakthavatsala Perumal Temple (6^th c.CE: Pallavas Bakthavatsala/Vishnu-Hindu; Thirunindravur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Baleshwar Temple (10-12^th c.CE; 16^th c.CE: Chand d. Baleshwar/Shiva-Hindu; location of Vishnu turtle incarnation, Kurmavtar; Champawat, Uttarakhand)

· Balligavi (birth place of Virashaiva saint Allama Prabhu; 685 CE: Satavahana-Kadamba, Chaturmukha linga-4 faced linga; 7-8th c.CE: Chalukya-Hoysala Hindu: Kedaresvara temple: trikuta vimana; mandapa, Brahma linga, Vishnu statue; legend: capital of Asura king Bali- Balipura [“city of Bali”]; Shikaripura; Shimoga; Karnataka)

· Bambleshwari Temple (2200 BP: Shiva-Parvati-Hindu; legend of Raja Veersen puja; Dongargarh; Rajnandgaon; Chhattisgarh)

· Banashankari Temple (7th c.CE/18th c.CE: Banashankari-Parvati-Hindu; near Badami; Cholachagudd; Bagalkot; Karnataka)

· Banashankari Temple (13th c.CE: Chalukya Hindu; Amargol; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Bandora Caves (Buddh.; Goa)

· Banke Bihari Temple (16th c.CE; moved 1864: Krishna-Hindu; Vrindavan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh)

· Barabar Caves (3rd c.BCE: Buddh.; oldest surviviing rock cut caves of India; Nagarjuni caves; Jehanabad, Bihar)

· Bardan Monastery/Gompa (17th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Padum; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Basgo Monastery/Gompa (1680 CE: Tib.Buddh.; Basco; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Basistha Temple (2nd-1st m.BCE: Shiva-Hindu; Brahmaputra r.; Guwahati; Assam)

· Becharaji Temple (Shakti-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peetha- hands; Bahucharaji; Mehsana; Gujarat)

· Bedse Caves (1st c.BCE: Buddhist vihara; Pune; Maharashtra)

· Beechupally (Hanuman-Anjaneya Swamy-Hindu; Krishna r.; Mahaboob Nagar; Andhra Pradesh)

· Belur

· Bhadrachalam Temple (1674 CE: Rama-Hindu; Andhra Pradesh)

· Bhadrakali Temple (1163 CE: Grand Mother Goddess-Hindu; Bhadrakali l.; 8 major, 12 minor temples; Warangal; Andhra Pradesh)

· Bhairabi Temple (9th c.CE: Durga-Hindu; Brahmaputra r.; Tezpur; Assam)

· Bhavani Temple (12th c.CE: Parvati-Hindu; 52 Shakti Pithas; Tuljapur, Maharashta)

· Bhaja Caves (200 BCE: Buddh. vihara; Karli, near Lonavala; Maharashtra)

· Bharhut (3rd c.BCE: Maurya-Buddhist stupa; Satna, Madhya Pradesh)

· Bhima Devi Temple Complex (8-12^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; 13^th-15^th c.CE: destruction by Muslim and Mongol invasions; Pinjore; Panchkula; Haryana)

· Bhimakali Temple (Hindu: 52 Shakti Peethas- ear of Sati; Sarahan; Himachal Pradesh)

· Bhirrana (Harappan; Fatehabad)

· Bhitargaon (6th c.CE: Gupta Hindu; Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

· Bhoramdeo Temple (7-11^th c.CE: Hindu; Kawardha; Chharrisgarh)

· Bhramaramba Mallikarjuna Temple (Shiva-Hindu; one of 12 Jyotirlinga; Srisailam; Andhra Pradesh)

· Bhubaneshwar (2^nd c.BCE: Chedi Kalinga temple city; Orissa)

· Bhuleshwar (13^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Kailash; Mahashivatri; Maharashtra)

· Bhumara

· Bhutanatha group (7^th-11^th c.CE: Bhutanatha-Hindu; Kalyani Chalukya style; Shivalinga, Makara, Yamuna riding a tortoise, Vishnu, Nandi; Badami; Karnataka)

· Bhuteshwar Temple (Shiva-Hindu; Jind; Haryana)

· Bhutia Busty Gompa (1879 CE: Buddh.; Darjeeling)

· Bijjat Maharaj Temple Sarain (7th c.CE: Bijjat Maharaj-Hindu; Sarain; Shimla; Himachal)

· Bijli Mahadev (Shiva-Hindu; shivalinga; lightning temple; Kullu valley; Himachal Pradesh)

· Biraja Temple (13th c.CE: Shiva-Durga-Hindu; Jajpur, Orissa)

· Bishnupur

· Boiyakonda Gangamma Temple (Hindu; pilgrimage; Chittoor; Andhra Pradesh)

· Brahma Temple, Pushkar (14th c.CE: Brahma-Hindu; Pushkar, Rajastan)

· Brahmeswara Temple (9th c.CE: Hindu; Bhubaneswar, Orissa)

· Brihadeeswarar Temple (11th c.CE: Chola Brihadeeswarar/Shiva-Hindu; Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu)

· Chamba

· Chamunda Mata Temple (Chamunda-Shakti-Hindu; Chotila; Gujarat)

· Chamundeshwari Temple (12th c.CE: Hoysala Chamundeshwari/Durga-Hindu; Chamundi hills; Mysore, Karnataka)

· Chandi Devi Temple (8th c.CE: Chandidevi/Shakti-Hindu; Panch Tirth; Siddh Peetha; Haridwar, Uttarakhand)

· Chandi Mandir (Chandi-Hindu; Navratras festivals; Shivalik hills; Chandigarh; Haryana)

· Chandramouleshwara Temple (900 BP: Chalukya Hindu; Unkal Hubli-Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Charbhuja (1444 CE: Vishnu-Hindu; Kumbhalgarh, Rajsamand, Rajasthan)

· Charminar [“Mosque of the Four Minarets”](1591 CE: Islamic; Hyderbad, Andhra Pradesh)

· Chaturbhuja Temple (875 CE: Gurjara Pratihara d.; Vishnu-Hindu; Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh)

· Chaudayyadanapura Mukteshwara temple (11-12th c.CE: Kalyani Chalukya Hindu; 7 Kannada inscriptions; Haveri; Karnataka)

· Chausath Jogini Temple [“64 Joginis Temple”](9th c.CE: Bramh d.Hindu; near Bhubaneshwar, Orissa)

· Cheluvanarayana Swamy Temple (1098 CE: Cheluvanarayana/Tiruanarayana-Hindu; Melkote; Mandya; Karnataka)

· Chemrey Gompa (1664 CE: Tib.Buddh.; 40kmE Leh; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Chennakeshava temple (1117 CE: Hoysala Hindu; Belur; Hassan; Karnataka)

· Chennakeshava Temple (1268 CE: Hoysala Vishnu-Hindu; trikurta vimana; legends: Mahabharata, Ramayana; yalis, makara, hansas; Somanathapura; Mandya; Karnataka)

· Cheraman Juma Masjid (629 CE: Islamic; 2^nd oldest mosque in the world; Kodungallur, Kerala)

· Chettikulangara Devi Temple (800 CE: Sree Devi Hindu; Mavelikkara; Kerala)

· Chidambaram Natarajar Temple (400 CE: Pallava-Chola Shiva-Nataraj-Hindu; 5 Pancha Bootha Sthalams- Aether; Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu)

· Chilkur Balaji Temple (1500s CE: Lord Venkateswara-Visa Balaji-Hindu; Osman Sagar l.; Gandipet; Hyderbad; Andhra Pradesh)

· Chintaman Ganesh (Hindu; Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh)

· Chirakkadavu Sree Mahadevar Temple (1000 CE: Shaivite Hindu; Kottayam; Kerala)

· Chitorgarh

· Chudamani Vihara (1006 CE: Buddh. vihara-monastery; 3rd c.BCE: Nagapattinam; Tamil Nadu)

· Dadhimati Mata Temple (4th c.CE: Gupta Laxmi-Dadhimati-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peethas; Nagaur, Rajasthan)

· Daksheswara Mahadev Temple (1810 CE: Shiva-Hindu; legend of Daksha; Kankhal, Haridwawr, Uttarakhand)

· Danteshwari Temple (14th c.CE: Danteshwari-Shakti-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peetha-tooth of Sati fell here; Dantewada; Bastar; Chhattisgarh)

· Da Parbatia (4th c.CE: Hindu; Tezpur; Assam)

· Darasuram

· Deogarh

· Deur Kothar (3rd c.BCE: Maurya king Asoka; Buddhist stupas; Rewa; Madhya Pradesh)

· Devi Jagadambi/Jagadambika Temple (10-12th c.CE: Chandella d. Hindu; -25 temples @Khajuraho; Madhya Pradesh)

· Devi Temple, Kadampuzha (Sree Devi Hindu; Mahabharata; Malappuram; Kerala)

· Dhanop Sheetla Mata Temple (900 CE: Shiva-Parvati-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peeth; Bhilwara, Rajastan)

· Dharmaraya Swamy Temple (12th c.CE: masonry; 16th c.CE: Hindu; Bangalore, Karnataka)

· Dharmasthala (968 CE: Shiva-Hindu-Jain; gold linga; legend of Annappa; Anna Daana [“free food”]- 10000 pilgrims/day; Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Dharmrajeshwar (4-5th c.CE: Buddhist-Hindu cave temple; Mandsaur; Madhya Pradesh)

· Dhankar Gompa (12th c.CE: Buddh.temple and monastery; ancient capital of Spiti; Lahul; Himal Pradesh)

· Dholavira (2900 BCE; Gujarat)

· Dilwara (11-13th c.CE: Jain temple complex: Vimal Vasahi, Luna Vasahi, Pittalhar, Parshvanatha, Mahavir Swami; Sirohi, Rajastan; Mt. Abu)

· Diskit Gompa (14th c.CE: f.Tsong Khapa; Gelugpa-Yellow Hat Tib.Buddh.; Dosmoche “Festival of the Scapegoat;” Nubra v.; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Doddabasappa Temple (12th c.CE: Chalukya Hindu: 24 pointed vimana; Gadag; Dambal; Karnataka)

· Dodda Ganeshana Gudi/Bull Temple (Nandi-Hindu; Basavanagudi; Bangalore; Karnataka)

· Draksharama (800 CE: Shiva-Surya-Hindu; Shiva-linga; Godavari r.; Kakinada; Andhra Pradesh)

· Dubdi Gompa (1701 CE: Nyingma Tib.Buddh.; Yuksom; Sikkim)

· Durga Mandir (1500 CE: Durga-Hindu; Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

· Durga Parameshwari Temple (8th c.CE: Durga-Hindu; Mundkur; Udupi; Karnataka)

· Durgiana Temple (Durga-Hindu; Amritsar, Punjab)

· Dwarakadheesh Temple (400 BCE; 16th c.CE: Krishna-Hindu; 4 Char Dham; Mahabarata mention; Dwarka; Gujarat)

· Dzongkhul Monastery (10th c.CE: f.Naropa; Kagyu Tib.Buddh.; Zanskar; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Ekambareswarar Temple (600 CE: Ekambareswarar-Shiva-Hindu; 5 Pancha Bootha Sthalams- Earth; Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu)

· Eklingji (8th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Udaipur, Rajasthan)

· Elephanta Caves (5-8th c.CE: Chalukyan-Hindu; Mahabharata; Pandava; Banasura; Mumbai, Maharashtra)

· Ellora Caves (500 CE: Hindu-Buddh.-Jain; Aurangabad, Maharashtra)

· Enchey Gompa (200 BP: Tib.Buddh.; Gangtok; Sikkim)

· Eravikulangara Temple (400 CE: Shaivite Hindu; Ernakulam; Kerala)

· Eri Katha Ramar (5th c.CE: Pallavas Rama-Hindu; Thirunindravur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Ettumanoor Mahadevar Temple (1542 CE: Shiva Hindu; Kottayam; Kerala)

· Evoor (Sree Krishna Hindu; Alappuzha; Kerala)

· Ezhumanthuruthu Poonkavil Devi Temple (17th c.CE: Devi Hindu; Kottayam; Kerala)

· Gadag (1050-1200 CE: Chalukya Hindu: temples: Trikuteshwara complex- Shiva-Brahma-Surya, Veeranarayana- where Kumara Vyasa composed Mahabharatha; Gadag; Dambal; Karnataka)

· Galageshwara Temple (11th c.CE: Kalyani Chalukya Hindu; shivalinga; Kannada inscription; Ganesha; Galaganatha; Haveri; Karnataka)

· Galtaji (18th c.CE: Surya-Balaji-Hindu; Jaipur, Rajasthan)

· Gandhola Monastery (8th c.CE: f.Padmasambhava; Tib.Buddh.; sacred junction of Chandra and Bhaga r. to form the Chenab r.; Lahaul, Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Gangaikondacholapuram

· Gavi Gangadhareshwara/Gavipuram Cave Temple (9th c.CE: Shiva-Agni-Hindu; astronomical arch.: Makar Sankranti Day-light shines on cave shivalinga for 1 hr.btwn. Nandi horns; solstice temple at an earlier time; Bangalore; Karnataka)

· Gaya (600 BCE: Magadha k.; Hindu/Buddh.: ancient city; Gayasisa/Brahmayoni hill- where Gautama Buddha taught Fire Sutta; Vishnupadh Temple; Bodhgaya; Bihar)

· Gemur Monastery (11th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Kullu; Himachal Pradesh)

· Ghorawadi/Ghorawdeshwar caves (3rd-4th c.CE: 9 Buddh. meditation rooms carved out of a single rock; Pune, Maharashtra)

· Ghum Gompa (1875 CE: Buddh.; Darjeeling)

· Gnana Saraswati Temple (Saraswati-Hindu; Godavari r.; Basar; Andhra Pradesh)

· Godachi (Vijayanagar: Hindu; Ramdurg; Belgaum; Karnataka)

· Gokarnanatheshwara Temple (1908 CE: Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Gomateshwara [MA](1000 CE; Shravanabelagola, Karnataka)

· Gongotri Temple (18th c.CE: Ganga-Hindu; 4-Chota Char Dham; near source of Ganges r.- Bhagirathi r.; Rishikesh; Uttarakhand)

· Gop

· Gopinath Mandir (12th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Gopeshwar, Chamoli, Uttarakhand)

· Gorakhnath Math (11th c.CE: Yogi Gorakshanath-Hindu shrine; Gorakhpur, Uttar Oradesh)

· Gozzangwa Monastery (10th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Khardong; Lahul, Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Grishneshwar (1000 CE: r.16th c.CE: 12 Jyotilinga; Shiva-Hindu; Aurangabad, Maharashtra)

· Gwalior

· Guptakashi (Shiva-Hindu; legend: Pandavas, Mahabharata; Garhwal, Uttarakhand)

· Guru Ghantal Monastery (11th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Tupchiling; Himachal Pradesh)

· Guruvayur Temple (1000 CE: Krishna Hindu; 4000 BCE: deity; Thrissur; Kerala)

· Halasi (980 CE: 2nd Kadamba capital; Vaishnavism-Shaivism-Hindu-Jain; temples: Bhuvaraha Narasimha, Suvameshwara, Kapileshwar, Hatekeshwara, Kalmeshwara, Gokameshwara; 11th c.CE: Jain temple; Belgaum; Karnataka)

· Halasuru Someshwara Temple (12-13th c.CE: Someshwara-Shiva-Hindu; 16th c.CE: Hoysala-Chola-Vijayanagara styles added; Halasuru; Bangalore; Karnataka)

· Halebid

· Hampi (Mahabharata legend: Kishkindha and Vanara-monkey kingdoms; 1 CE; 1336-1565 CE: Vijayanagara ruins; naga temples: Virupaksha; elephant stables; stone chariot at Vittala complex, Stepped Tank near Underground Temple, Bukka Aqueduct near Anegondi; Anjeyanadri hill; Bellary; Karnataka)

· Hangal Tarakeshwara (12th c.CE: Kalyani Chalukya Shiva-Hindu-Jain; dome; shivalinga; Veerabhadra temple; Billeshwara temple; Hangal; Haveri; Karnataka)

· Hanle Gompa (17th c.CE: Drugpa-Kagyu “Red Hat” Tib.Buddh.; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Hanuman Temple (1724 CE: Bala-Hanuman-Hindu; 5-Mahabharata Delhi; Connaught Place, New Delhi)

· Hariharashwara Temple (1223-4 CE: Hoysala Vishnu-Shiva-Hindu; mantapa, vimana, Kannada inscriptions, hero stones; legend: Guhasura vs. Harihara; Harihar; Davanagere; Karnataka)

· Hari Parbat (1590 CE: Muslim fort; Sharika Temple; Makhdoom Sahib; accd.to legend, this hill was once a large lake inhabited by the demon Jalobhava, then Parvati dropped a pebble, becoming the hill, to crush the demon; Srinagar; Himachal Pradesh)

· Hatimura Temple (1667 CE: Durga-Hindu; human sacrifice; Brahmaputra r.; Silghat; Nagaon; Assam)

· Hemis Gopma (1672 CE: f.Sengge Namgyal; Drukpa Tib.Buddh.; Ladakh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Hidimba Devi Temple (1553 CE: Hidimbi Devi-Hindu; Mahabharata; cave temple; Manali; Himachal Pradesh)

· Hooli Panchalingeshwara temple (Hindu; temples: Andhakeshwara, Bhavnisankhara, Kalmeshwara, Kashi Vishwanatha, Madaneshwara, Suryanarayana, Tarkeshwara, Beerdevar; Belgaum; Karnataka)

· Hoysaleswara Temple (1121 CE: Hoysala Shiva-Hindu; sculptures: Shiva-Parvati, dancing Ganesha, Garuda pillar; Halebidu; Hassan; Karnataka)

· Hridayaleeswarar Temple (6th c.CE: Hridayaleeswarar/Shiva-Hindu; Thirunindravur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Hulimavu Cave Temple (15th c.CE: Hindu; shivalinga; Bangalore; Karnataka)

· Hundur Gompa (Tib.Buddh.; Nubra v.; Ladakh; Himachal Pradesh)

· Idagunji Devasthana (1500 BP: Vaisnava-Krishna-Hindu; Lord Ganesha temple; Manki; Uttara Kannada; Karnataka)

· Ishvara Temple (1220 CE: Hoysala Shiva-Hindu; hero stone; Kannada inscription; Arasikere; Hassan; Karnataka)

· Itagi Bhimambika temple (1000 CE: Chalukya Shiva-Hindu; Gadag; Gajendragad; Karnataka)

· Jagannath [“Lord of the Universe”] Temple (11^th c.CE: Jaganath-Krishna-Vishnu-Hindu; 4 Char Dham; Rath Yatra festival; Puri; Orissa)

· Jagannath Temple (1691 CE: Vishnu-Hindu; 1990: collapsed; 1992: restored; Ranchi; Jharkhand)

· Jagannatha Gattu Temple (Shiva-Hindu; Shivalinga; Kurnool; Andhra Pradesh)

· Jagdish Temple (1651 CE: Aryan-Hindu; Udaipur, Rajasthan)

· Jageshwar (9-13^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; temple city of 124 stone temples; Jageshwar, Almora, Uttarakhand)

· Jag Mandir/Lake Garden Palace (1515-1652 CE: water palace; Lake Pichola; Udaipur, Rajasthan)

· Jakhoo (Hanuman-Hindu; Ramayana; Shimla; Himachal Pradesh)

· Jama Masjid (1617-56 CE: Islamic; Delhi)

· Jama Masjid (1400 CE: Islamic; Jaunpur)

· Janardanaswamy Temple (2000 BP: Vishnu-Hindu; Varkala; Thiruvananthapuram; Kerala)

· Jarai-ka-Math (860 CE: Pratiharas Durga-Hindu; Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh)

· Jayanti Devi Temple (Jayanti Devi-Hindu; Jind; Haryana)

· Jaugada fort (300 BCE; Bhubaneshwar)

· Jogeshwari Caves (520-550 CE: Buddh. cave temple; Maharashtra)

· Jyotisar [“core meaning of light”] (banyan-vat where Krishna preached Bhagavad Gita; Kurukshetra/Dharmakshetra; Haryana)

· Kadalayi (5000 BP: Vishnu-Hindu; Chirakkal; Kannurl; Kerala)

· Kadri Manjunath Temple (968 CE: Lokeshwara-Shiva-Hindu; bronze statue; Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Kailasnatha Temple (8th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu)

· Kailasanathar Temple (8th c.CE: Kailasanathar-Shiva-Hindu; Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu)

· Kailash/Kailasanatha Temple (8th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; rock cut temple; linga; Ellora caves; Maharashtra)

· Kalahasti Nathar (5 Pancha Bootha Sthalams- Wind;)

· Kalakaleshwara temple (Shiva-Hindu; Gajendragad; Gadag; Karnataka)

· Kalasa (Shiva Hindu; legend: Skanda Purana- myth of Sage Agasthya and marriage of Shiva-Parvati; Bhadra r.; Chikmaglur; Karnataka)

· Kalghatgi (Hindu-Jain; Temples: Mahalakshmi, Shantinatha Basadi Jain, Tamboor Basavanna; Kalghatgi; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Kalighat Kali Temple (Kali-Hindu; 52-Shakti Peethas; Hooghly r., Adi Ganga r.; Calcutta, West Bengal)

· Kalika/Maha Kali Temple (300 BP: Kali-Hindu; legend: Kalika Mata came into dream of Pandit Jagat Ram Sharma revealing Pindi stone within hill; Reasi; Jammu and Kashmir)

· Kalika Mata Temple (Bhadrakali-Kali-Hindu; Chittorgarh, Rajasthan)

· Kalikambal Temple (relocated 1640 CE: Kalikambal-Hindu; Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Kalka Mandir (3000 BP; 3rd c.BCE: Ashoka Kali-Hindu; 5-Mahabharata Delhi; New Delhi)

· Kalpeshwar (Shiva-Hindu; 5-Panch Kedar; legend: Pandava, Mahabharata; Garhwal, Uttarakhand)

· Kamakhya Temple (1565 CE: Kamakhya-Hindu; human sacrifice; Nilachal hill; Guwahati; Assam)

· Kamakshi Amman Temple (6 CE: Pallava kings; Kamakshi-Parvati-Hindu; Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu)

· Kamala Narayana Temple (12th c.CE: Hindu; Kadamba style: Degaon; Kittur; Belgaum, Karnataka)

· Kambagiri Swami (Vishnu-Hindu; Kurnool; Racherla; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kanaka Durga Temple (Durga-Hindu; Krishna r.; Vijayawada; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kanakagiri (Mauryan capital; Gangavati; Koppal; Karnataka)

· Kandariya Mahadeva Temple (1000 BCE?; 1050 c.CE: Chandela Mahadeva-Shiva-Hindu; largest temple @Khajuraho; Madhya Pradesh)

· Kangra

· Kanheri Caves [SR](3^rd c.BCE: Maurya Empire; Mumbai)

· Kanipakam Vinayaka/Sri Varasidi Vinayaka Swamy Temple (11^th c.CE: Chola Ganesha-Hindu; Kanipakam; Chittoor; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kapaleeshwarar Temple (7 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Mylapore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Kapila Theertham (11^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Kapila Maharishi cave; near Tirupati-Tirumala; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kapilash Temple (1246 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Dhenkanal, Orissa)

· Kappil Bhagavathy Temple (1000 BP: Shaivite-Hindu; Kappil; Kerala)

· Kardang Monastery (12^th c.CE: Drukpa Tib.Buddh.; Lahul, Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Karkala Sri Venkataramana Temple (14^th c.CE: Venkateshwara-Hindu; Karkala; Karnataka)

· Karla Caves (2^nd c.BCE-2^nd c.CE: Buddhist rock-cut vihara-stupa; Karli; Maharashtra)

· Karmanghat Hanuman Temple (11^th c.CE: Hanuman-Hindu; Karmanghat; Hyderbad; Andhra Pradesh)

· Karni Mata (15^th c.CE: Durga-Hindu; Deshnoke, Rajasthan)

· Karpaka Vinayakar Temple/Pillaiyarpatti (4^th c.CE: Karpaka Vinayakar-Ganesha-Hindu; rock-cut cave shrine; Madurai, Thiruppatthur, Tamil Nadu)

· Karppillikkavu Sree Mahadeva Temple (2000 BCE?: 108 siva kshethras; Shaivite-Hindu; Ernakulam; Kerala)

· Kartikeya Temple (5^th c.BCE: Kartikeya/Kumara/Skanda-Hindu; Skanda Purana; Peshawar; Kurukshetra; Haryana)

· Kashi Vishwanath Temple/Golden Temple (11^th c.CE; r.1780 CE: Vishwanath/Shiva-Hindu; Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

· Kasivisvesvara Temple Gadag (1087 CE: Chalukya Hindu; Kannada inscriptions; Gadag; Lakkundi; Karnataka)

· Kaviyoor Mahadevar Temple (10^th c.CE: Shiva-Vishnu Hindu; Kaviyoor; Kerala)

· Kayavarohan [“body descent”] Temple (2nd c.CE: Lakulisha-Shiva-Hindu; Shivalingas; accd. Shiva Purana: 68 pilgrimage-tirtha of Shiva; Shivratri festival; Vadodara; Gujarat)

· Kedareswar Temple (Hanuman-Shiva-Hindu; 8 Astasambhu; near Ramachandi; Dhenkanal, Orissa)

· Kedarnath Mandir (Kedarnath-Shiva-Hindu; 4-Chota Char Dham; 5-Panch Kedar; accd.to Puranas, where Pandava brothers performed penance to Shiva; lingum; Garhwal Himalayan range; Mandakini r.; Kedarnath; Uttarakhand)

· Kesaria (where Gautama Buddha preached Kesaputtiya Suttas; 200 CE: stupa; Bihar)

· Keshava temple (1268 CE: Hoysala Hindu; Somnathpur; Mysore; Karnataka)

· Kesava Deo Temple (2500 BCE?; 400 CE; d.1017 CE; r.1150 CE: Krishna-Hindu; Mathura, Uttar Pradesh)

· Ketakeshwar Dewal (Hindu; one of the largest shivalinga; Tezpur; Assam)

· Key Monastery (11^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Khajuraho [MA](950 BCE; Madhya Pradesh)

· Kharligarh ancient fort (300 BCE; Bhuampada)

· Kheer Bhawani (Bhawani-Maharagya Devi-Hindu; linga; legend: Hanuman retrieved linga from Sri Lanka-Ravana and brought here; Tula Mula; Srinigar; Kashmir)

· Khrew (Jawala Bhagvati-Hindu; Pulwama; Jammu and Kashmir)

· Kiradu

· Kodandarama Temple (14^th c.CE: Kodandarama/Rama-Hindu; Hiremagalur, Karnataka)

· Konark/Konarak Sun Temple [MA](1250 CE; Orissa)

· Kondagattu (300 BP?: Anjaneya Swamy-Hanuman-Hindu; Karimnagar; Andhra Pradesh)

· Koodakmanikyam Temple (854 CE: Ramayana-Hindu; Irinjalakuda; Trissur; Kerla)

· Koodal Azhagar Temple (Vishnu-Hindu; 108 devyadesams; Madurai, Tamil Nadu)

· Kopineshwar Mandir (810-1240 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Nandi; linga; Thane, Maharashtra)

· Korzok Gompa (17^th c.CE: Drukpa Tib.Buddh.; Leh; Ladakh; Himachal Pradesh)

· Kosambi (5^th c.BCE: Muaryan city; Gautama Buddha holy site; Uttar Pradesh)

· Kottarakkara Sree Mahaganapathi Kshethram (Ganapati-Siva-Hindu; Kottarakkara; Kerala)

· Koti Lingala (Shiva-Hindu; lingas; Godavari r.; Karimnagar; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kotilingam (15^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; 12 rows x 85 lingams; Panchadharala; Visakhapatnam; Andhra Pradesh)

· Koulutla Chenna Kesava Temple (11^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Kurnool; Andhra Pradesh)

· Krauncha Giri (15^th c.CE: Chalukya Hindu; 1^st abode of Subramanya/Murugan; Kumaraswami temple; legends: Mahabharata, Skanda Purana, Agastya, Parasuram; Bellary; Karnataka)

· Kshreerarama (Shiva-Hindu; Shivalinga-Vishnu; Pancharama Kshetras; Palakollu; W.Godavari; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kudalasangama (12^th c.CE: Lingayat-Hindu; temples: Sangamanatha, Aikya linga of Basaveshwara, Sabha Bhavana; Chalukya style; Bagalkot; Karnataka)

· Kudargarh (17^th c.CE: Maa-Hindu; Surguja; Chhattisgarh)

· Kudroli Bhagavathi (800 BP: Hindu; festivals: Nadavali, Bharani; Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Kukke Subramanya Temple (968 CE: Subramanya-Hindu; Garuda pillar; idols: Shesha, Vasuki; Sarpa Samskara/Sarpa Dosha; Kumaradhara r.; Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Kuknur (8-13th c.CE: Chalukya Shiva-Hindu: Navalinga temple; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Kumararama (892-922 CE: Kumara-Murugan-Shiva-Hindu; Shivalinga; Pancharama Kshetras; Samarlakota; E.Godavari; Andhra Pradesh)

· Kumara Swami Devasthana (Kumara Swami/Subrahmanya/Parabrahman-Hindu; Bangalore; Karnataka)

· Kungri Monastery (1330 CE: Nyingma Tib.Buddh.; Lahul, Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Kursha Gompa (1000 c.CE: Gelug Tib.Buddh.; Doda r.; Zanskar; Ladakh; Himachal Pradesh)

· Kurudumale temple (Chola Hindu; Kolar; Karnataka)

· Kushinagar (ancient city where Siddartha Gautama Buddha died; 3^rd c.BCE-5^th c.CE: ruined Buddh.stupas and viharas; Uttar Pradesh)

· Kuttankulangara Sri Krishna Temple (300 BP: Hindu; Thrissur; Kerala)

· Kuttumuck Siva Temple (300 BP: Hindu; Kerala)

· Lakkundi (10th c.CE: Kalyani-Chalukya Shiva-Hindu: 50 temples: Kasivisvesvara, Halagunda Basavanna, Laxminarayana, Mallikarjuna, Nadayadeva, Nagaradeva, Neelakanteshwara, Suryanarayana, Someshwara, Virabhadara, Vishwantha, Virupaksha; 11th c.CE: Jain temples: Brahma Jinalaya Basadi, Kaishivishanatha, Nanneshwara, Stepped wells; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Lakshmi Devi Temple (1114 CE: Hoysala Shiva-Hindu; Doddagaddavalli; Hassan; Karnataka)

· Lakshmi Narasimha Temple (13th c.CE: Hoysala Vishnu-Hindu; Bhadravathi; Shimoga; Karnataka)

· Lakshmi Narasimha Temple (1246 CE: Hoysala Shiva-Hindu; Sadashiva temple; Nuggehalli; Hassan; Karnataka)

· Lakshminarayana Temple (1250 CE: Hoysala Vaisnava-Hindu; trikurta vimana; makara and hansa friezes; Hindu epics, Mahabharata, Ramayana, Puranas/Myths, Mandya; Karnataka)

· Lamayuru Gompa (11^th c.CE: oldest Tib.Buddh.monastery in Ladakh; Kargil; Himachal Pradesh)

· Lankeshwar Temple (Shiva-Hindu; Guwahati; Assam)

· Latiyal Mata Temple (1500 CE: Hindu; Phalodi; Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

· Laxminarayan Temple/Birla Mandir (1622 CE: Laxmi-Vishnu-Hindu; Janmashtami and Diwali festivals; New Delhi)

· Lenyadri, Shri Girijatmaj (1^st c.CE: Ganesha-Girijatmaja-Hindu; cave temple; festival: Jayanti; Pune, Maharashtra)

· Lepakshi (Shiva-Vishnu-Virabhadra-Hindu; Kurma Saila-tortoise shaped hill; Lepakshi; Anantapur; Andhra Pradesh)

· Lhalung/Sarkhang [“Golden Temple”] Monastery (10^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.; Spiti; Himachal Pradesh)

· Likir Gompa (1065 CE: Gelugpa Tib.Buddh.monastery in Ladakh; Indus r.; Saspol; Leh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Lingaraj Temple (11th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Bhubaneswar, Orissa)

· Lokanarkavu Temple (1500 BP: Durga-Hindu; Memunda; Vatakara; Kerala)

· Lothal (2400 BCE: Dholka, India)

· Maa Taratarini Temple (Mahabharata; Hindu; 4 major 52 Shakti Peetha; Taratarini hill; Berhampur/Brahmapur, Orissa)

· Madai Vadukunda Shiva Temple (5-8^th c.CE: Kolathiri Kings; Shiva-Hindu; Madai; Kannur Taluk; Kerala)

· Madhyamaheshwar (Shiva-Hindu; 5-Panch Kedar; legend: Pandava, Mahabharata; Mansuna, Garhwal, Uttarakhand)

· Madurai (500 BCE: Hindu temple town)

· Mahabaleshwar Temple (Dravidian Shiva-Hindu; festival: Shivaratri Rathyatra; Gokarna, Karnataka)

· Mahabalipuram

· Mahabhairav Temple (Shiva-Hindu; Tezpur; Assam)

· Mahabodhi Temple (250 BCE: where Siddhartha Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment; Bodhgaya)

· Mahadev Temple (1112 CE: Chalukya Shiva-Hindu; based on Amruteshwara temple at Annigeri; Itagi; Dharwad; Karnataka)

· Mahadev Temple Tambdi Surla (12^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; garbhagriha, antarala, nandi mandapa, Trimurti carvings; Goa)

· Mahadeva Temple, Kalanjoor (1100 BP: Shiva-Hindu; Kalanjoor; Kerala)

· Maha Ganapathi Mahammaya Temple (500 BP: Ganesha-Hindu; Lord Ganesha temple; Shirali; Uttara Kannada; Karnataka)

· Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga (12 Jyotirlinga; Shiva-Hindu; Nandi; Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh)

· Mahakali Caves (1^st c.BCE-6^th c.CE: Buddh. vihara-chaitya, monastery; Mumbai)

· Mahakuta (6^th c.CE: Shaivite-Hindu; Mahakuta Pillar script; Dravidian, Vesara, Nagara temples: Mallikarjuna, Sangamesvara, Vishnu; Bagalkot; Karnataka)

· Mahalakshmi Temple, Kolhapur (700 CE: Kannada Chalukya Lakshmi-Vishnu-Hindu; 52 Shakti Peetha; Kolhapur, Maharashtra)

· Mahamaya Dham (Sati-Hindu: 52 Shakti Peetha; Bilasipara; Assam)

· Mahamaya Kalika Devasthan Kansarpal (12^th c.CE: Kali-Hindu; Goa)

· Mahanandiswara Swamy Temple (1500 BP: Shiva-Hindu; fresh water pools: Kalyani, Pushkami; 9 Nandi shrines; Nallamala Hills; Kurnool; Andhra Pradesh)

· Mahasu Devta Temple (9^th c.CE: Huna Mahasudevta-Hindu; Hanol, Dehradun, Uttarakhand)

· Mahavinayak Temple (12^th c.CE: Ganesha-Hindu; 5 Kshetras; sculpture; Jajpur, Orissa)

· Mandher Devi Temple (1600 CE: Hindu; Mandhradevi; Satara; Maharashtra)

· Mangaladevi Temple (9th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Mangalore; Karnataka)

· Mangla Gauri (15^th c.CE: Vaishnavite-Hindu; mentioined in Purana legends and tantric works; Gaya; Bihar)

· Mangueshi Temple (1600 CE: Shiva-Hindu; Mangeshim; Goa)

· Manikaran (17^th c.CE: Hindu-Sikh; Ramachandra, Shiva, Rama-Krishna-Vishnu temples; legend: Manu recreated human life here after deluge; hot springs; experimental geothermal energy plant here; 1905: earthquake; Beas and Parvati r.; Kullu; Himachal Pradesh)

· Mankiala stupa (Rawalpindi); Sialkot (2500 BCE)

· Mansa Devi Temple (Mansa/Shakti-Hindu; Panch Tirth, 5 Pilgrimages; Siddh Peetha; festival: Navratri; Haridwar, Uttarakhand)

· Manyamkonda (Venkateshwara-Hindu: hill shrine; Mahabubnagar)

· Markandeshwar (3^rd m.BCE: original temple, pre-Mahabaharata; Shiva-Hindu; Kurukshetra; Haryana)

· Martand

· Marudamalai (800 CE: Murugan-Hindu; 6-Arupadaiveedu; Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

· Marundeeswarar Temple (7^th c.CE: Shiva-Hindu; Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

· Mashro Gompa 16^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.monastery in Ladakh; Indus r.; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Masrur

· Mata Mansa Devi (1811-15 CE: Shakti-Hindu; Navratri festival; Panchkula; Haryana)

· Matho Gampo (16^th c.CE: Tib.Buddh.monastery in Ladakh; Zanskar m.; Leh; Jammu-Kashmir)

· Mathura (1600 BCE?- legend: birth place of Krishna; 6^th c.BCE: ancient capital; Uttar Pradesh)

· Maya Devi Temple (11th c.CE: Mayadevi/Shakti-Hindu; Panch Tirth; Siddh Peetha; Haridwar, Uttarakhand)

· Mecca Masjid (1617-94 CE: Islamic; Hyderbad)

· Meenakshi Amman Temple (500 BCE: Madurai center; 1600 CE: Meenakshi-Parvati-Shiva-Hindu; Madurai, Tamil Nadu)

· Melukote/Thirunarayanapuram (12^th c.CE: Cheluva-Narayana Swamy Temple; Sri Ramanujarya residence; Hindu; Yadavagiri rocky hills; Mandya; Karnataka)

· Modhera

· Mookambika (1200 BP: Shiva-Shakti-Hindu; Adi Shankara; Kollur; Karnataka)

· Morgaon Ganesha Temple/Shri Moreshwar Mandir (17^th c.CE: Ganesha-Hindu; Pune; Maharashtra)

· Moteshwar Mahadev (Bhimashankar/Shiva-Hindu; Bheem Shankar Jyotirlingam; festival: Maha Shivratri; Kashipur, Uttarakhand)

· Moti Masjid (1660 CE: Islamic; Delhi)

· Mukteswar Temple (900 CE: Hindu; Bhubaneswar, Orissa)

· Mulbekh (Drukpa-Gelug Tib.Buddh.monastery in Ladakh; Zanskar; Jammu-Kashmir)